Modeling land-use effects on forest soil food webs

模拟土地利用对森林土壤食物网的影响

• 批准号: 61109513
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Ulrich Brose
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Deutsches Zentrum für integrative Biodiversitätsforschung (iDiv)
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Infrastructure Priority Programmes
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2007-12-31 至 2014-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/61109513?language=en
• 关键词: Modeling; land; use; effects; forest

The proposed project aims at studying the effects of land-use types (coniferous forests, young, intermediate and mature beech forests, plenter forests) and the elemental stoichiometry of the basal litter on the diversity (i.e., species number) and topology (i.e., network structure) of forest soil food webs across the three Biodiversity Exploratories. The project comprises three work packages. The first work package will analyse a large data base on the 52 forest soil communities (> 800 species, > 5500 populations) that was established during the prior two funding periods. These analyses will address the interplay of food-web structures, land use, and elemental stoichiometry in determining diversity and structure of the communities. These analyses will provide specific hypotheses for the second work package addressing how the litter inhabiting animal communities (characterized by diversity and food webs) assemble depending on different surrounding habitats (the land-use types of the Biodiversity Exploratories) and environmental niches (litter types). This biodiversity assembly experiment will be established on 24 forest plots. On each plot, four treatments (three litter types: beech, ash, spruce, and a control with plot litter) will be established with three temporal replicates. Measurements will address the assembly of biodiversity (only specific animal groups), biomass distributions and functions in time series for micro-, meso-, and macrofauna. This experiment tests whether community assembly is driven by habitat characteristics (litter type, biogeochemistry) as predicted by niche theories or the surrounding communities (control treatments that differ according to plots) as predicted by neutral theory. The third work package will address how land-use types and the stoichiometry of the litter determine the distribution of biomasses across size classes (size spectrum analyses) and the diversity of size classes at the 75-forest-plot level of the Biodiversity Exploratories. This will generalize the findings of the data base analyses and the assembly experiment to the spatial level of the Biodiversity Exploratories.

拟议的项目旨在研究土地利用类型（针叶林、幼龄、中龄和成熟山毛榉林、阔叶林）和基层凋落物的元素化学计量对多样性的影响（即，物种数）和拓扑（即，网络结构）的森林土壤食物网在三个生物多样性探索。该项目包括三个工作包。第一个工作包将分析前两个供资期间建立的52个森林土壤群落（> 800个物种，> 5 500个种群）的大型数据库。这些分析将解决食物网结构，土地利用和元素化学计量在确定多样性和结构的社区的相互作用。这些分析将为第二个工作包提供具体假设，解决栖息在动物群落中的垃圾（以多样性和食物网为特征）如何根据不同的周围生境（生物多样性探索站的土地使用类型）和环境小生境（垃圾类型）聚集的问题。本次生物多样性集合实验将在24个森林样地上进行。在每个地块上，将建立四个处理（三种凋落物类型：山毛榉、白蜡树、云杉和一个含地块凋落物的对照），并进行三次时间重复。测量将涉及生物多样性（仅特定动物群体）、生物量分布和微型、中型和大型动物按时间序列的功能的集合。本实验测试社区组装是否是由生境特征（凋落物类型，土壤地球化学）所预测的生态位理论或周围的社区（控制处理，根据地块不同）所预测的中性理论。第三个工作包将讨论土地使用类型和垃圾的化学计量如何决定生物量在大小类别之间的分布（大小谱分析）以及生物多样性探索站75块林地一级大小类别的多样性。这将把数据库分析和组装实验的结果推广到生物多样性探索站的空间水平。