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Helical 3-D X-ray Dark-field Imaging

螺旋 3D X 射线暗场成像

基本信息

批准号：
289363653
负责人：
Professorin Dr. Gisela Anton
金额：
--
依托单位：
Lehrstuhl für Informatik 5: Mustererkennung
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2016
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2015-12-31 至 2018-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/289363653?language=en
关键词：
Helical ray Dark field Imaging

项目摘要

The dark-field signal of an X-ray phase-contrast system captures the small-angle scattering of microscopic structures. It is acquired using Talbot-Lau interferometer, and a conventional X-ray source and a conventional X-ray detector. Interestingly, the measured intensity of the dark-field signal depends on the orientation of the microstructure. Using algorithms from tomographic image reconstruction, it is possible to recover these structure orientations. The size of the imaged structures can be considerably smaller than the resolution of the used X-ray detector. Hence, it is possible to investigate structural properties of - for example - bones or soft tissue at an unprecedented level of detail.Existing methods for 3-D dark-field reconstruction require sampling in all three spatial dimensions. For practical use, this procedure is infeasible.The goal of the proposed project is to develop a system and a method for 3-D reconstruction of structure orientations based on measurements from a practical imaging trajectory. To this end, we propose to use a helical trajectory, a concept that has been applied in conventional CT imaging with tremendous success. As a result, it will be possible for the first time to compute dark-field volumes from a practically feasible, continuous imaging trajectory. The trajectory does not require multiple rotations of the object or the patient and avoids unnecessarily long path lengths.The project will be conducted in cooperation between the experimental physics and the computer science department. The project is composed of six parts:- A: Development of a 3-D cone-beam scattering projection model- B: Development of reconstruction algorithms for a helical dark-field imaging system- C: Evaluation and optimization of the reconstruction methods towards clinical applications- D: Design of an experimental helical imaging system- E: Setup of the helical imaging system- F: Evaluation and optimization of the system performanceParts A to C will be performed by the computer science department. Parts D to E will be conducted by the experimental physics department.

X射线相衬系统的暗场信号捕获了微观结构的小角散射。它是用Talbot-Lau干涉仪、常规X射线源和常规X射线探测器采集的。有趣的是，测量的暗场信号强度取决于微结构的取向。使用来自断层图像重建的算法，有可能恢复这些结构取向。成像结构的尺寸可以比使用的X射线探测器的分辨率小得多。因此，以前所未有的详细程度研究骨骼或软组织的结构特性是可能的。现有的3-D暗视野重建方法需要在所有三个空间维度上进行采样。在实际应用中，这一过程是不可行的。该项目的目标是开发一种基于实际成像轨迹的测量来进行结构方向的三维重建的系统和方法。为此，我们建议使用螺旋轨迹，这一概念已经在传统的CT成像中得到了巨大的成功。因此，第一次有可能从实际可行的、连续的成像轨迹计算暗场体积。该轨迹不需要物体或患者多次旋转，并避免了不必要的长路径长度。该项目将由实验物理学和计算机科学系合作进行。该项目由六个部分组成：-A：开发三维锥束散射投影模型-B：开发螺旋暗场成像系统的重建算法-C：面向临床应用的重建方法的评估和优化-D：实验螺旋成像系统的设计-E：螺旋成像系统的设置-F：系统性能的评估和优化A至C部分将由计算机科学系执行。D至E部分将由实验物理系进行。