Relation between nutritional mode and ecophysiological niche widthand its effect on distribution pattern and habitat specificity ofchrysomonad flagellates

鞭毛虫营养模式与生态生理生态位宽度的关系及其对鞭毛虫分布格局和生境特异性的影响

• 批准号: 314530438
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Jens Boenigk
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Arbeitsgruppe Biodiversität
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2015-12-31 至 2019-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/314530438?language=en
• 关键词: Relation; between; nutritional; mode; ecophysiological

Distribution pattern of organisms, the links between the organisms ecology and their distribution pattern as well as the generalizability of such pattern are a crucial basis for assessing the dynamic nature of ecosystems and their associated biodiversity. The interplay between biodiversity and ecosystem functions raises the question of how the functional differentiation between taxa is related to their distribution pattern. One of the most obvious functional differentiations is that of nutritional strategies, i.e. heterotrophic versus mixotrophic versus phototrophic. Ideal targets for addressing such overarching research questions are microbial eukaryotes due to their overwhelming diversity and functional differentiation. The chrysomonads (chrysophytes) are a particularly well suited model group as they are widespread and among the dominant flagellates in a wide range of habitats, a wide range of nutritional strategies is realized within this group and chrysomonads with different strategies typically co-exist in many different habitats. Further, they are comparatively well investigated and members of this group have a long tradition as protist model species in ecology and ecophysiology. Heterotrophy evolved several times independently within the chrysomonads. Here we hypothesize that, in general, heterotrophic taxa may tolerate a wider range of physicochemical conditions as compared to mixotrophic and phototrophic taxa. Further we hypothesize that, in consequence, the distribution pattern of chrysomonad taxa differ between phototophic, mixotrophic and heterotrophic taxa, i.e. correlate with their ecology rather than with their phylogeny. In a first working package we will characterize chrysomonad growth rates as a function of food and nutrient concentration, food quality and light intensity as a basis for comparative analyses of the niche width of heterotrophic and phototrophic strains. In a subsequent working package we will test the assumption that the fundamental niche width systematically differs between heterotrophic, mixotrophic and phototrophic chrysophyte lineages. We complement these ecophysiological analyses with field surveys focusing on the regional distribution pattern with respect to habitat characteristics. We specifically hypothesize that distribution pattern of phototrophic chrysomonads are more restricted to habitats of similar abiotic conditions as are those of heterotrophic chrysomonads and that seasonality is more pronounced in phototrophic chrysomonads as compared to heterotrophic chrysophytes. In sum, this study will provide a sound basis for linking the functional diversity of ecosystems with their associated biodiversity exemplified for species distribution pattern and ecophysiological niche widths of chrysomonads.

生物的分布格局、生物生态学与其分布格局之间的联系以及这种格局的可概括性是评价生态系统及其相关生物多样性动态性的重要依据。生物多样性与生态系统功能之间的相互作用提出了一个问题，即分类群之间的功能差异如何与它们的分布格局有关。最明显的功能差异之一是营养策略，即异养与兼养与光养。解决这些总体研究问题的理想目标是微生物真核生物，因为它们具有压倒性的多样性和功能分化。金单胞菌（金藻）是一个特别适合的模型组，因为它们分布广泛，在广泛的栖息地中占主导地位的鞭毛虫之间，在该组内实现了广泛的营养策略，并且具有不同策略的金单胞菌通常共存于许多不同的栖息地。此外，他们是比较好的调查和这个组的成员有着悠久的传统，作为原生生物模式物种在生态学和生态生理学。异养在金单胞菌内独立进化了几次。在这里，我们假设，在一般情况下，异养类群可以容忍更广泛的理化条件相比，兼养和光养类群。此外，我们假设，因此，金单胞菌类群的分布模式不同的光合，兼养和异养类群，即与他们的生态，而不是与他们的共生。在第一个工作包中，我们将表征金藻的生长速率作为食物和营养浓度，食物质量和光照强度的函数作为异养和光养菌株的生态位宽度的比较分析的基础。在随后的工作包，我们将测试的假设，基本生态位宽度系统之间的异养，兼养和光养金藻谱系不同。我们补充这些生态生理分析与实地调查，重点是区域分布格局与生境特征。我们特别假设，光养金单胞菌的分布模式更局限于类似的非生物条件下的栖息地是那些异养金单胞菌和季节性更明显的光养金单胞菌相比，异养金藻。总之，这项研究将提供一个良好的基础，连接生态系统的功能多样性与其相关的生物多样性为例的物种分布格局和生理生态位宽度的金单胞菌。

项目成果

Intraspecific Variation in Protists: Clues for Microevolution from Poteriospumella lacustris (Chrysophyceae)

• DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evz171
• 发表时间: 2019-08
• 期刊: Genome Biology and Evolution
• 影响因子: 3.3
• 作者: Stephan Majda;J. Boenigk;D. Beisser

Genome size of chrysophytes varies with cell size and nutritional mode

金藻植物的基因组大小随细胞大小和营养模式而变化

• DOI: 10.1007/s13127-018-0365-7
• 发表时间: 2018
• 期刊: Organisms Diversity & Evolution
• 影响因子: 1.6
• 作者: Olefeld JL;Majda S;Albach DC;Marks S;Boenigk J
• 通讯作者: Boenigk J

Centers of endemism of freshwater protists deviate from pattern of taxon richness on a continental scale

• DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-71332-z
• 发表时间: 2020-09
• 期刊: Scientific Reports
• 影响因子: 4.6
• 作者: Jana L. Olefeld;C. Bock;M. Jensen;Janina C. Vogt;G. Sieber;D. Albach;J. Boenigk