DECOR: Dynamical Effects on Composition and transport Of climate Relevant species, in the extratropical upper troposphere lower and stratosphere region

DECOR：对温带对流层上部和平流层下部和平流层区域气候相关物种的组成和运输的动态影响

• 批准号: 316834009
• 负责人: Dr. Tina Jurkat-Witschas
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Institut für Physik der Atmosphäre
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Infrastructure Priority Programmes
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2015-12-31 至 2019-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/316834009?language=en
• 关键词: DECOR; Dynamical; Effects; Composition; transport

Quantifying the roles of transport, mixing and chemical processing of climate relevant traces species in the upper troposphere lower stratosphere region is of major importance for understanding its radiation budget. Regional to large scale dynamical regimes such as jet streams, the monsoon outflow, gravity waves or Rossby wave breaking modify the distribution of trace species in the UTLS and thereby have an impact on UTLS stability, irreversible transport and climate. It is the scope of this project to investigate and quantify changes in the composition and transport in the UTLS region induced by selected dynamical processes with a special focus on the trace gases water vapour, ozone, nitrogen oxide and halogen species as well as cirrus clouds. To this end, we have developed the Airborne Mass Spectrometer AIMS and the tunable diode laser hygrometer WARAN and we will integrate them on HALO for the WISE mission. Previously, unique measurements on HALO have been performed with this instrumentation during TACTS/ESMVal, ML-CIRRUS and POLSTRACC/GW-Cycle/SALSA. Thereby AIMS uses the chemical ionization with SF5- ions to detect HCl, HNO3, SO2 and HONO in the UTLS region. Here we propose two calibration methods to quantitatively detect ClONO2 and HBr in future HALO experiments. During WISE, we will investigate the contributions of stratospheric tracers such as HCl, HNO3, O3 and the tropospheric tracer SO2 in the extratropical UTLS and near the tropopause inversion layer (TIL). Depending on latitude and season we will focus on transport processes that modify the TIL. We will measure the effects of irreversible mixing in the ExUTLS and above using tracer-tracer correlations. We will investigate stratospheric tracer-tracer correlations in the region above the ExTL and compare them to mixed layers below. Selected dynamical regimes like the Asian Summer Monsoon as well as Rossby wave breaking near the subtropical jet in summer results in dilution or flushing of the lower stratosphere. Further we will compare our in-situ measurements to remote sensing data from GLORIA (HNO3, ClONO2, H2O and SO2), DOAS (HONO, Bry) and WALES (H2O). A second focus is the data evaluation from the POLSTRACC/GW-Cycle/SALSA mission. Here, we will investigate the halogen processing on cold stratospheric aerosol using Lagrangian flights. Further we will concentrate on the nitric acid uptake in cold cirrus ice crystals. Dedicated uncertainties remain in understanding uptake of HNO3 and effects of nitric acid trihydrate (NAT) or other condensed water / nitric acid phases on UTLS composition and climate at low temperatures. These questions will be analyzed using the ice water content from the WARAN hygrometer and AIMS HNO3 data in concert with total reactive nitrogen detected with AENEAS on HALO. Summarized our measurements will help to better understand and quantify the effects of dynamics and clouds on the distribution of climate relevant species in the ExUTLS region.

量化对流层上部平流层下部与气候有关的痕量物种的输送、混合和化学处理的作用，对于了解其辐射收支具有重要意义。区域到大尺度的动力机制，如急流、季风外流、重力波或Rossby波破裂，改变了UTLS中痕量物种的分布，从而对UTLS的稳定性、不可逆输送和气候产生影响。该项目的范围是调查和量化由选定的动力过程引起的UTLS区域成分和输送的变化，特别侧重于痕量气体、水蒸气、臭氧、氮氧化物和卤素物种以及卷云。为此，我们开发了机载质谱仪AIMS和可调谐二极管激光湿度计WARAN，并将它们集成在Halo上执行WISE任务。此前，该仪器在TACTS/ESMVal、ML-Cirrus和POLSTRACC/GW-Cycle/SALSA期间对Halo进行了独特的测量。从而利用与SF5-离子的化学电离来检测UTLS区域中的HCl、HNO3、SO2和HONO。在此，我们提出了两种定标方法，用于在未来的光晕实验中定量检测ClONO2和HBr。在WISE期间，我们将研究平流层示踪物如HCl、HNO_3、O_3和对流层示踪物SO2在温带UTLS和对流层顶逆温层(TIL)附近的贡献。根据纬度和季节的不同，我们将重点关注修改TIL的运输过程。我们将使用示踪剂-示踪剂相关性来测量ExUTLS及以上的不可逆混合的影响。我们将研究ExTL上方地区的平流层示踪-示踪相关性，并将它们与下面的混合层进行比较。选定的动力机制，如亚洲夏季风以及夏季副热带急流附近的Rossby波破裂，导致平流层下部被稀释或冲刷。此外，我们将把我们的现场测量数据与Gloria(HNO_3、ClONO2、H2O和SO2)、DOAs(HONO、Bry)和Wales(H2O)的遥感数据进行比较。第二个重点是POLSTRAcc/GW-Cycle/SALSA任务的数据评估。在这里，我们将利用拉格朗日飞行研究冷平流层气溶胶上的卤素处理。此外，我们将集中讨论冷卷云冰晶中的硝酸吸收。在理解HNO3的吸收以及三水硝酸(NAT)或其他冷凝水/硝酸相对低温下UTLS组成和气候的影响方面，仍存在专门的不确定性。这些问题将使用WARAN湿度计的冰水含量和AIMS HNO3数据进行分析，并与Aeneas在Halo上检测到的总活性氮相结合。综上所述，我们的测量将有助于更好地了解和量化动力学和云对ExUTLS地区气候相关物种分布的影响。

项目成果

Intercomparison of midlatitude tropospheric and lower-stratospheric water vapor measurements and comparison to ECMWF humidity data

• DOI: 10.5194/acp-18-16729-2018
• 发表时间: 2018-11
• 期刊: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics
• 影响因子: 6.3

Ice particle sampling from aircraft – influence of the probing position on the ice water content

飞机冰粒采样——探测位置对冰水含量的影响

• DOI: 10.5194/amt-11-4015-2018
• 期刊: Atmospheric Measurement Techniques
• 影响因子: 3.8
• 作者: Afchine;Spelten;Buchholz;Heller;Kaufmann;Minikin;Zöger;Lawson;Khaykin;Krämer
• 通讯作者: Krämer

Mountain waves modulate the water vapor distribution in the UTLS

山浪调节 UTLS 中的水汽分布

• DOI: 10.5194/acp-17-14853-2017
• 期刊: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics
• 影响因子: 6.3
• 作者: Heller;Beaton;Dörnbrack;Kaufmann;Schlager;Wagner
• 通讯作者: Wagner

Dynamics and composition of the Asian summer monsoon anticyclone

• DOI: 10.5194/acp-18-5655-2018
• 发表时间: 2017-06
• 期刊: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics
• 影响因子: 6.3
• 作者: K. Gottschaldt;H. Schlager;R. Baumann;D. Cai;V. Eyring;Phoebe Graf;V. Grewe;P. Jöckel;T. Jurkat-Witschas;C. Voigt;A. Zahn;H. Ziereis

The airborne mass spectrometer AIMS – Part 2: Measurements of trace gases with stratospheric or tropospheric origin in the UTLS

• DOI: 10.5194/amt-9-1907-2016
• 发表时间: 2015-12
• 期刊: Atmospheric Measurement Techniques
• 影响因子: 3.8
• 作者: T. Jurkat;S. Kaufmann;C. Voigt;D. Schäuble;P. Jeßberger;H. Ziereis