The role of moralization in the interpretation and use of nutritional evidence

道德化在营养证据的解释和使用中的作用

• 批准号: 335427350
• 负责人: Professorin Dr. Jutta Roosen
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Lehrstuhl für Marketing und Konsumforschung
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Units
• 资助国家: 德国
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/335427350?language=en
• 关键词: role; moralization; interpretation; use; nutritional

This project examines the evidence practices of consumers in the field of nutrition. Nutrition is an evolutionary and culturally engrained practice that has only recently – approximately the last hundred years – been strengthened, confronted or changed by findings from the nutritional sciences. The results of the first research phase show that evidence – understood as meaningful and socially accepted knowledge and guiding consumer action – is not only based on scientific knowledge, but is influenced by heuristics and values. This is especially the case when scientific knowledge is fragile and in conflict with intuitive judgments of right or wrong and good or bad. We pursue this tension further in Phase 2, widening the research focus from the area of food safety to the field of nutrition as a whole. We do so in acknowledgement of the result that the standardization and institutionalization of the risk analysis framework in the regulation of food safety has advanced substantially and left the consumer with a rather passive role. The hypothesis for the second phase is that when engaging with evidence consumers resort to their own stabilization mechanisms that are influenced by moral judgements, especially when scientific evidence is perceived as fragile and tentative. As theoretical basis the project uses the Moral Foundation Theory. In doing so, the project exemplifies the role of moralizations in (1) the interpretation, acceptance and rejection of scientific knowledge, (2) the assessment and use of information sources and (3) (moral) trade-offs regarding the relevance of knowledge about health and environmental consequences. Methodically, the project adopts a quantitative approach. After first conducting preparatory focus groups, the relationship between subjective nutrition knowledge and beliefs with moral values is examined via an intercultural comparison (Germany / China). Then, the influence of scientific knowledge on subjective beliefs is studied in an experimental setting.The project studies the stabilizing role of (e)valuations that consumers use to respond to the provisional nature of evidence in the nutritional sciences. Hence, it contributes to the understanding of different evidence cultures and the emergence of evidence criticism by analyzing the reaction of consumers and their subjective knowledge when confronted with scientific evidence that opposes current wisdom.

这个项目考察了消费者在营养领域的证据实践。营养是一种进化的和文化上根深蒂固的实践，直到最近--大约在过去的一百年里--才被营养科学的发现所强化、挑战或改变。第一个研究阶段的结果表明，证据--被理解为有意义的、被社会接受的知识和指导消费者行动的证据--不仅基于科学知识，而且受到启发式和价值观的影响。尤其是当科学知识是脆弱的，与对或错、好或坏的直觉判断相冲突时，情况尤其如此。我们在第二阶段进一步追求这种紧张，将研究重点从食品安全领域扩大到整个营养领域。我们这样做是为了承认这一结果，即食品安全监管中风险分析框架的标准化和制度化已取得实质性进展，并使消费者处于相当被动的角色。第二阶段的假设是，当消费者接触证据时，他们自己的稳定机制受到道德判断的影响，特别是当科学证据被认为是脆弱和试探性的时候。作为理论基础，本项目采用了道德基础理论。在这样做的过程中，该项目体现了道德教化在以下方面的作用：(1)对科学知识的解释、接受和拒绝；(2)对信息来源的评估和利用；(3)关于健康和环境后果的知识的相关性的(道德)权衡。从方法上讲，该项目采用了量化的方法。在首先进行预备性焦点小组后，通过跨文化比较研究主观营养知识和信念与道德价值观之间的关系(德国/中国)。然后，在实验环境中研究了科学知识对主观信念的影响。该项目研究了消费者用来对营养科学中证据的临时性做出反应的(E)估值的稳定作用。因此，通过分析消费者在面对与当前智慧背道而驰的科学证据时的反应和主观知识，有助于理解不同的证据文化和证据批评的出现。