Distribution of contaminant degraders and redox guilds and expression of degradation genes in stationary and non-stationary contaminant plumes

污染物降解剂和氧化还原基团的分布以及固定和非固定污染物羽流中降解基因的表达

• 批准号: 34773108
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Tillmann Lüders
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Lehrstuhl für Ökologische Mikrobiologie (ÖMIK)
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Units
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2006-12-31 至 2010-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/34773108?language=en
• 关键词: Distribution; contaminant; degraders; redox; guilds

The aim of TP4B in this Research Unit is to understand how redox oscillations and hydraulic shifts influence the spatial distribution and activity of contaminant degraders and anaerobic microbial communities in the field. It is a central hypothesis of this Research Unit that increased mixing in contaminant plumes under non-stationary conditions can be expected to enhance net biodegradation activities. On the other hand, we hypothesize that well established biological degradation capacities (i.e. highly specialised degrader populations) are an essential prerequisite for effective biodegradation in highly reactive zones. Biodegradation can be hypothesized to decrease or even collapse transiently under redox fluctuations caused by hydraulic shifts, if sessile degrader populations suddenly face opposing biogeochemical conditions, and have to re-establish in different sediment strata. In the 2nd phase of funding of the FOR252, we have provided primary evidence that the qualitative and quantitative distribution patterns of important contaminant-degrading microbial populations are subject to unexpected temporal dynamics in the field. An observed “collapse” of the established degrader population was connected to pronounced temporal oscillations of the contaminant plume. These are novel findings that will help to establish a more detailed understanding of the factors that affect and control contaminant degrading microbial populations in the field. In the last 1.5 years of this Research Unit (12 months of funding we hereby apply for), we aim to further elaborate and more profoundly establish these concepts by continued time-resolved samplings in the field, addressing also short-time dynamics. Furthermore, an established luminescent bioreporter strain will be employed in 2D aquifer mesocosms to follow and model the development of a specific degrader population and activities over the establishment of a contaminant plume, and also under non-stationary conditions. Thus, simulations of the distribution of microbial degradation activities and their adaptation to increased mixing for the tanks will actually become testable with temporally and spatially resolved non-invasive data.

TP4B在该研究单元中的目的是了解氧化还原的振荡和氢聚体转移如何影响该领域污染物降解器和厌氧微生物群落的空间分布和活性。这是该研究单元的中心假设，可以预期在非平稳条件下增加污染物羽状的混合，以增强净生物降解活性。另一方面，我们假设建立良好的生物降解能力（即高度专业化的降解器种群）是有效生物降解在高反应性区域中的必要先决条件。可以假设生物降解在由氢化偏移引起的氧化还原波动下瞬时减少甚至塌陷，如果连牢固的降解者种群突然面对相反的生物地球化学条件，并且必须在不同的沉积物中重新建立。在For252的第二阶段，我们提供了主要证据，表明重要的污染物降解微生物种群的定性和定量分布模式受到现场意外的临时动态。已观察到的已建立降解者种群的“弯曲”与污染物羽流的明显暂时振荡有关。这些是新颖的发现，可以帮助建立对影响和控制污染物降解微生物种群的因素的更详细的理解。在该研究部门的最后1。5年（我们在此申请了12个月的资金）中，我们旨在通过在现场继续进行时间分辨的采样来进一步详细说明，更深刻地建立这些概念，并解决短期的动态。此外，在2D含水层中层中将采用建立的发光生物孢子菌株跟随和建模特定的降级人群的发展，并在建立污染物的羽流以及非常规条件下的建立。这是微生物降解活性的分布及其对储罐混合增加的适应性的模拟，实际上将通过暂时和空间解决的非侵入性数据进行测试。