A MuseOMICS approach to scrutinise DNA barcode failure: testing the causes for taxonomic incongruence patterns in phytophagous Hymenoptera and Orthoptera through hybridization capture using RAD probes.

DNA条形码已被证明是识别动物物种的高度准确的方法，但一些群体反对这种方法。许多分类群，特别是在具有生态意义的植食性膜翅目和直翅目中，显示出条形码数据与传统分类概念之间的不一致。亲缘关系密切的物种通常形成共享相同或非常相似条形码的集群。我们丰富的DNA条码库和分类学专业知识，能够在明兴动物园获得可靠识别的凭单样本，为评估原本难以处理的物种复合体的遗传结构提供了理想的基础。我们使用ddRAD和hyRAD基因组测序来获得共享线粒体条形码的类群的系统发育的数据，并通过引入或不完全谱系分类来研究这些类群中基因组成分的共享。在一种多学科的方法中，我们将这些基因组数据与形态、寄主植物、生物地理和种群结构的数据结合起来，以确定哪些因素可能与导入相关。根据我们的结果，我们将制定条形码失败的分类群处理指南，首先是专门针对国际粗体条形码数据库，其次是作为生物多样性研究最佳实践的一般性建议。

DNA barcoding has been shown to be highly accurate for the identification of animal species, but some groups defy this approach. Numerous taxa particularly in the ecologically significant phytophagous Hymenoptera and Orthoptera exhibit incongruence between barcode data and traditional taxonomic concepts. Closely related species often form clusters sharing identical or very similar barcodes. Our extensive DNA barcode library and taxonomic expertise with access to reliably identified voucher specimens at the Zoologische Staatssammlung München provide an ideal basis for assessing the genetic structure of otherwise intractable species complexes. We use ddRAD and hyRAD genomic sequencing to obtain data on the phylogeny of taxa sharing mitochondrial barcodes and to investigate into the sharing of genomic elements by introgression or incomplete lineage sorting in these taxa. In a multidisciplinary approach we then combine this genomic data with data on morphology, host plants, biogeography, and population structure to determine which factors might be correlated with introgression. Based on our results, we will develop guidelines for the handling of taxa in which barcoding fails, first specifically for the international BOLD barcode database and second as general recommendations for best practice in biodiversity research.