Changing Patterns of Participation in Political Parties: The De-Traditionalisation of Social Democraty in Britain and Germany in a Micro-Historical Perspecive

政党参与模式的转变：微观历史视角下英德社会民主主义的去传统化

• 批准号: 388154467
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Lutz Raphael
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Lehrstuhl Neuere und Neueste Geschichte
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2016-12-31 至 2020-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/388154467?language=en
• 关键词: Changing; Patterns; Participation; Political; Parties

This sub-project will analyse the interaction between the change of political participation and growing socio-economic inequality in West European democracies from the mid-1970s to the beginning of the 21st century. This will be done by comparating the relations of the two Social Democratic parties in the FRG and Great Britain and their traditional working class voters. The decline and changing forms of political participation happened in the context of social and economic transformations which, for parts of the left-wing electoral base, was accompanied by mass unemployment and processes of de-qualification, but for others by upward social mobility. The relation of left-wing parties and their classical electoral base changed successively. Disenchantment with politics, the decline of party affiliation together with an increase in voting volatility as well as the rise of alternative ways of participation are generally regarded as clear indicators of these changes in participation. Thus, the parties were forced to adjust their programmes and their political work, which lead to the 'Third Way' (in Germany: 'Neue Mitte') concepts at the end of the 1990s. The sub-project will analyse how, in concrete terms, Social Democratic parties adjusted their political work to these changes. How, at the local level, did the parties react to the loss of members or traditional voters, which conflicts about representation and participation developed among their own followers? The project will focus on changing opportunities and different forms of political mobilisation and participation under conditions of growing social inequality, however also of increasing cultural divergence. This sub-project starts from the hypothesis that the complex connections between participation and social inequality can be best investigated by analysing the change of group configurations happening in the respective local constituencies. The change of social structures, which definitely happened in different ways at the local level, resulted in shifts of the party and electoral base, and lead to changes in the presence and weight of social groups inside the party which can be seen in different levels of participation in local party work, in shifting programmatic priorities of the parties' local agenda (e.g. topics of race and gender) and in changing profils of local party leaders representing different groups and interests. In a more general perspective, the study analyses the re-adjustment of relational equality in times of change. The analysis will deal with developments in Great Britain and West Germany, comparing two local case or micro historical studies (Frankfurt, Kassel/London).

这个分项目将分析1970年代中期至21世纪初西欧民主国家政治参与的变化与社会经济日益不平等之间的相互作用。这将通过比较联邦德国和英国的两个社会民主党及其传统工人阶级选民的关系来完成。政治参与形式的下降和变化是在社会和经济转型的背景下发生的，对于部分左翼选举基础来说，伴随着大规模失业和取消资格的过程，但对于其他人来说，伴随着向上的社会流动。左翼政党的关系及其经典的选举基础发生了变化。人们普遍认为，对政治不再抱有幻想、政党关系的减少、投票的不稳定性增加以及其他参与方式的增加，都是参与方面发生这些变化的明确指标。因此，各政党被迫调整其纲领和政治工作，这导致了1990年代末的“第三条道路”（德国：“Neue Mitte”）概念。该分项目将具体分析社会民主党如何根据这些变化调整其政治工作。在地方一级，各政党如何应对失去成员或传统选民的情况，在其追随者中产生了关于代表性和参与的冲突？该项目将侧重于在社会不平等日益加剧的情况下，以及在文化差异日益扩大的情况下，不断变化的机会和不同形式的政治动员和参与。这个分项目的出发点是这样一个假设，即通过分析各地方选区发生的群体结构变化，可以最好地调查参与与社会不平等之间的复杂联系。社会结构的变化，在地方一级肯定以不同的方式发生，导致政党和选举基础的变化，并导致党内社会团体的存在和权重的变化，这可以从参与地方党的工作的不同层次上看出，改变政党地方议程的方案优先事项（如种族和性别问题），改变代表不同群体和利益的地方政党领导人的形象。在一个更一般的视角下，本研究分析了在变革时期关系平等的重新调整。该分析将涉及英国和西德德国的发展，比较两个当地的案例或微观历史研究（法兰克福，卡塞尔/伦敦）。