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Ontologies of Personal Identity

个人身份本体论

基本信息

批准号：
392884996
负责人：
Privatdozent Dr. Jörg Noller
金额：
--
依托单位：
Lehrstuhl Philosophie mit Schwerpunkt Ethik
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Scientific Networks
财政年份：
2018
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2017-12-31 至 2018-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/392884996?language=en
关键词：
Ontologies Personal Identity

项目摘要

The current debate on personal identity is mainly dominated by three different approaches: (1) Ontological approaches that focus on the complex substantial condition of persons and their spatio-temporal structure. (2) Mentalistic or psychological approaches that focus on the structure of personal subjectivity and the continuity of memory. (3) Agent-oriented approaches that take into account the practical identity of persons in moral actions, narrativity, and biographic life forms. Whereas ontological approaches tend to ignore questions concerning the practical life form of persons and their normative status, practical approaches, by contrast, tend to ignore their ontological status. Likewise, mentalistic approaches often exclude ontological questions or tend to endorse a reductionist view that cannot do justice to the practical and normative existence of persons. However, an elaborated concept of personal identity demands taking into account both ontological and practical dimensions. For that purpose, the scientific network aims at making explicit the implicit ontology of prominent contemporary conceptions of personal identity in order to connect the different approaches. Thereby the relationship between underlying ontology and specific forms of personal existence such as selfconsciousness, structure of the will, and normativity shall be analyzed. Of special importance will be the ontological commitments of current practical and narrative approaches, as well as the practical implications of current ontological theories. Thus, the aim of the scientific network consists in identifying the systematic coordinates of the current debate on personal identity and to define an ontological map within which the different practical and mentalistic approaches can be situated. The research network will also consider the problem of equivocation concerning the concept of personal identity. It aims to develop a integrative concept of personal identity that can be used in an unambiguous way by equally considering all three dimensions.

当前关于个人同一性的争论主要由三种不同的方法主导：（1）本体论方法，关注人的复杂实体状况及其时空结构。(2)心理学或心理学方法，侧重于个人主体性的结构和记忆的连续性。(3)面向主体的方法，考虑到人在道德行为，叙事和传记生活形式中的实际身份。本体论方法倾向于忽视关于人的实际生活形式及其规范性地位的问题，而实践方法则相反，倾向于忽视其本体论地位。同样，唯心主义的方法往往排除本体论的问题，或倾向于支持一种还原论的观点，不能公正地对待人的实际和规范的存在。然而，一个详细的概念的个人身份需要考虑到本体论和实践层面。为此目的，科学网络旨在明确当代突出的个人身份概念的隐含本体论，以连接不同的方法。从而分析了潜在的本体论与自我意识、意志结构、规范性等个体存在的具体形式之间的关系。特别重要的将是当前的实践和叙事方法的本体论承诺，以及当前的本体论理论的实践意义。因此，科学网络的目的在于确定当前关于个人同一性的辩论的系统坐标，并确定一个本体论地图，不同的实践和精神方法可以位于其中。研究网络还将审议个人身份概念的模糊问题。它的目的是发展一个综合概念的个人身份，可以在一个明确的方式使用，平等地考虑所有三个方面。