Personal Life Forms: Identity - Unity - Normativity

个人生命形式：身份-统一-规范

• 批准号: 394075698
• 负责人: Privatdozent Dr. Jörg Noller
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Department of Philosophy
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Fellowships
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2016-12-31 至 2017-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/394075698?language=en
• 关键词: Personal; Life; Forms; Identity; Unity

The research project draws on the intuition that in the concept of a person both ontological and practical identity are deeply interwoven. In the current debate on personal identity, this constitutive unity has been neglected by considering each kind of identity separately. Complementarily and against this tendency to explain personal identity either by referring to merely ontological or practical characteristics, the research project aims to make explicit the ontological and practical identity in their mutual relationship. Therefore, the guiding question of the project is whether the relation of ontological and practical identity can be further explained by referring to a certain form aspect that has to do with the specific life that persons normally lead. The unity of both approaches shall be further explained by developing a concept of a personal life form. My approach is the following: “person” is a meaningful, non-reductive concept that presupposes the concept of life but transforms it in a specific way. This transformation shall be explained in terms of the concepts of freedom insofar as persons are higher-order animals that act by referring to themselves and other persons. The freedom of personal life forms does not only consist in their self-referentiality, a first-person perspective, but in maintaining an intersubjective form – a personal lifeworld – that reacts on the associated individuals – independently from their actual realization of specific personal properties.

该研究项目利用了这样一种直觉，即在一个人的概念中，本体论和实践身份是深深交织在一起的。在当前关于个人同一性的争论中，这种构成性的统一性被单独考虑每一种同一性所忽视。作为补充，并针对这种倾向，解释个人身份，无论是指仅仅是本体论或实践的特点，研究项目的目的是明确的本体论和实践的身份，在他们的相互关系。因此，该项目的指导问题是，本体论和实践同一性的关系是否可以通过涉及与人们通常过的特定生活有关的某种形式方面来进一步解释。这两种方法的统一性将通过发展个人生命形式的概念来进一步解释。我的方法如下：“人”是一个有意义的、非还原性的概念，它以生命概念为前提，但以特定的方式对其进行转化。这种转变应该用自由的概念来解释，因为人是高级动物，他们的行为涉及到他们自己和其他人。个人生活形式的自由不仅在于它们的自我指涉性，即第一人称视角，而且还在于维持一种主体间性形式--一种个人生活世界--这种形式独立于个人具体个人属性的实际实现而对相关的个人产生反作用。