Differential effects of immediate vs. delayed extinction training and the variation of the time interval between extinction training and test on the return of fear: neural and peripheral-physiological correlates

立即与延迟消退训练的不同影响以及消退训练和测试之间的时间间隔变化对恐惧回归的影响：神经和外周生理相关性

• 批准号: 396254081
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Tim Klucken
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Professur für Klinische Psychologie und Psychotherapie
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2017-12-31 至 2022-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/396254081?language=en
• 关键词: Differential; effects; immediate; vs.; delayed

Conditioning and extinction processes are considered important models for the development, maintenance, and treatment of psychiatric disorders. While fear conditioning has previously been examined in considerable detail, the investigation of extinction processes has only gained increasing attention over the last years. An important factor in the context of relapses is the return of fear during a retention test after initially successful extinction training; a phenomenon considered to have important practical implications for clinical relapses. Understanding which factors contribute to such long-term stability or instability of fear extinction processes is therefore an important research aim for clinical psychology.One often neglected factor in this context is the exact timing of extinction training. Extinction training is usually either conducted immediately after fear acquisition or with a 24h delay. Animal research as well as current memory models postulate that the exact timing (immediate vs. delayed) of extinction training may have an important impact on the magnitude of the return of fear effect. In addition, previous results showed that the time interval between extinction training and the testing of extinction retention might also impact the return of fear in interaction with the used extinction training. For instance, robust extinction results could be observed when conducting a delayed extinction training and a short time interval to the retention test.The aim of this DFG-project is to investigate the similarities and differences between immediate and delayed extinction training and the impact on the return of fear. In addition, the effect of the time interval between extinction training and test should be also investigated as well as the time course within each extinction session and the underlying neural processes. Finally, it is planned to identify potential factors that are related to robust extinction success. A differential extinction paradigm will be conducted to compare extinction processes and the return of fear between four groups. In two groups, extinction learning will be conducted directly after fear acquisition, while a 24h-delayed extinction learning paradigm will be performed in the other two groups. In addition, the time interval between extinction training and retention test will be varied between the groups (1 day vs. 7 days) to compare the return of fear of the groups.The submitted project will provide valuable and currently still lacking information, bridging the gap between animal research and the corresponding neurobiological processes in humans.

条件反射和消退过程被认为是发展、维持和治疗精神障碍的重要模式。虽然恐惧条件反射之前已经被研究得相当详细，但在过去几年里，对灭绝过程的研究才得到越来越多的关注。复发的一个重要因素是在最初成功的消退训练后，在保持测试期间恐惧的回归；这一现象被认为对临床复发具有重要的实际意义。因此，了解哪些因素导致恐惧消退过程的长期稳定性或不稳定性是临床心理学的一个重要研究目标。在这种情况下，一个经常被忽视的因素是消退训练的确切时间。消退训练通常要么在获得恐惧后立即进行，要么延迟24小时进行。动物研究和目前的记忆模型都假设，消亡训练的确切时间(立即和延迟)可能对恐惧回归效应的大小有重要影响。此外，以前的研究结果表明，消退训练和消退保持测试之间的时间间隔也可能会影响与消退训练相互作用的恐惧的回归。例如，在进行延迟消退训练和短时间间隔的保持测试时，可以观察到稳健的消退结果。本研究的目的是考察即时消退训练和延迟消退训练的异同及其对恐惧回归的影响。此外，还应研究消退训练和测试之间的时间间隔的影响，以及每次消退过程中的时间进程和潜在的神经过程。最后，计划确定与强健灭绝成功相关的潜在因素。将采用不同的灭绝范式来比较四个群体之间的灭绝过程和恐惧的回归。两组被试在恐惧习得后立即进行消退学习，而另外两组被试采用延迟24小时的消退学习范式。此外，消退训练和保持测试之间的时间间隔将在不同的组之间变化(1天和7天)，以比较这些组的恐惧回归。提交的项目将提供有价值的信息，目前仍然缺乏信息，弥合动物研究和人类相应的神经生物学过程之间的差距。