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The Neural Organization of Taste Neophobia

味觉恐惧症的神经组织

基本信息

批准号：
10504415
负责人：
John D Boughter
金额：
$ 38.5万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF TENNESSEE HEALTH SCI CTR
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2022
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2022-08-02 至 2027-07-31
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10504415
关键词：
Acetylcholine Acute Adverse effects Agreement Animals Anorexia Area Basal Nucleus of Meynert Behavior Behavioral Brain region Calcium Cells Child Child Health Childhood Consumption Coronary Arteriosclerosis Data Desire for food Diabetes Mellitus Disease Dissection Eating Disorders Ensure Exposure to Failure Familiarity Feeding behaviors Food Goals Head Health Human Hypertension Image Immediate-Early Genes Intake Knowledge Learning Lesion Life Measures Mediating Memory Mus Neurons Neurotransmitters Obesity Outcome Pathway interactions Pharmacology Study Phase Play Population Primary Lesion Process Prosencephalon Reaction Research Rodent Role Sensory Signal Transduction Stimulus Taste Perception Techniques Testing Thalamic structure Time Toxic effect adverse outcome attenuation awake basal forebrain cell type cholinergic cholinergic neuron dietary experience experimental study microendoscope neural circuit neural correlate neuromechanism neuronal circuitry novel novelty processing relating to nervous system response taste stimuli transmission process

项目摘要

Project Summary Neophobia is defined as a fearful reaction to novel stimuli or situations. When an animal encounters a novel food, they approach and consume it with cautiousness. For humans, this behavior has significant health consequences. Food Neophobia is especially prevalent in children, and the rejection of certain types of foods has serious consequences for the acute health of the child. Moreover, food Neophobia in childhood has long- lasting adverse effects on dietary choices associated with eating disorders, poor health outcomes, and disease. In rodents, taste Neophobia is an important behavioral reaction that ensures a minimized threat of toxicity in unfamiliar foods, including those that are inherently appetitive. When faced with a novel food or taste, animals consume a relatively small amount during the initial encounter. If this consumption yields no adverse consequences, a memory for a “safe” taste is formed, and animals will more readily increase their intake in subsequent test sessions, a process is known as attenuation of Neophobia. While lesions studies have begun to identify the brain regions involved in taste Neophobia and its attenuation, relatively little is known about the underlying circuits or the neural correlates of these behaviors. For example, there have been no attempts at exploring how Neophobia and attenuation impact neuronal responses in awake, behaving animals in key areas of the central taste pathway, including the gustatory cortex, gustatory thalamus, and nucleus basalis. The overall goal of this project is to understand this process by investigating how information regarding the novelty and familiarity of tastes are encoded within these circuits. Our central hypothesis is that Neophobia is driven by enhanced responses in both gustatory cortex and thalamus, and its attenuation is mediated by cholinergic activity from basal forebrain inputs. We will use calcium imaging of defined cholinergic and gustatory cell types combined with chemogenetic manipulation in awake animals during Neophobia and attenuation to test these hypotheses. The findings of these experiments will be significant in that they will be the first to explore neuronal activity in central taste regions during Neophobia and attenuation. Further, our findings will fundamentally advance our knowledge of how taste Neophobia is encoded in central taste circuits and the role of cholinergic input in this behavior. These findings will be important not only in increasing our understanding of this important form of taste learning but also in furthering our understanding of the basic mechanisms underlying novelty processing within sensory regions.

项目总结