Therapeutic approach using analysis of type III IFN SNPs in upper respiratory disease

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Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the major cause of respiratory disease. The human nasal epithelium is the first line of defense during respiratory virus infection. RSV could infect these cells from apical but not basolateral side, and enhanced the expression of tight junction proteins. RSV infection induces polarity in the infected cells, thereby spreading the infection.As an innate immune response against diverse viral infections, a host induces two types of IFN, type-I and type-III. Type -III, but not type-I, contributes to the main first line defense against respiratory virus infection in nasal mucosa. Curcumin and Humulon can prevent the replication of RSV and the epithelial responses to it. Moreover, Clarithromycin also suppressed RSV-induced PAF receptor expression and adhesion of fluorescein-labeled S. pneumoniae cells to A549 cells. These are useful biological products for the prevention and therapy for RSV infection.