Consumption-based accounts of land-use change related carbon emissions – CoBALUCE

基于消费的土地利用变化相关碳排放账户 â CoBALUCE

• 批准号: 397106073
• 负责人: Dr. Thomas Kastner
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Senckenberg Biodiversität und Klima Forschungszentrum (BiK-F)
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2016-12-31 至 2022-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/397106073?language=en
• 关键词: Consumption; based; accounts; land; use

The volume of international trade is growing rapidly. This also holds for products from agriculture and forestry such as food, bioenergy or timber. As a consequence, the place where products are consumed is often far away from the place where land use occurs. A considerable fraction of the global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions results from land-use and land-cover change. Release or uptake of carbon from the atmosphere resulting from land-use change was a major fraction of all anthropogenic GHG emissions only a few decades ago, and still accounts for approximately 10% today.Reducing greenhouse gas emissions may be achieved through changes in production (e.g. fuel substitution) or through changes in consumption (e.g. changes in the amount and qualities of products that are consumed). While “carbon footprint” accounts of consumption have meanwhile become available for GHG emissions resulting from industrial processes, such accounts are lacking for the carbon emissions related to land-use change.CoBALUCE helps to close this gap by creating comprehensive accounts of carbon emissions from land-use change. The aim is allocate 80-90% of all land-related carbon emissions (respectively carbon sequestration) to the consumption of individual biomass (food, feed, material bioenergy) products for a global 30 year time series. This is achieved by tracing bilateral trade flows between any set of countries at the level of products.Major challenges which are addressed relate to the fact that carbon emissions (or uptake) of land also hinge on land-use history (legacy effects), which greatly hampers unequivocal attribution of emissions to products. Toward that end, the project explores strengths and weaknesses of different possible allocation rules in a high-level expert meeting and implements the most promising options, based on the databases created in the research process.By establishing a solid and comprehensive database on land-use change emissions of biomass products, CoBALUCE helps underpinning international climate policies related to the consumption of land-based products. For instance, the database provides insights into which nations disproportionally benefit from international trade and are therefore able to lower pressure on their domestic environment, and on the other hand, for which nations the opposite is the case.

国际贸易额快速增长。这也适用于食品、生物能源或木材等农业和林业产品。因此，产品消费的地方往往远离土地利用发生的地方。全球温室气体排放的相当大一部分是由土地利用和土地覆盖的变化造成的。仅在几十年前，土地利用变化导致的大气碳释放或吸收在所有人为温室气体排放中占很大比例，今天仍约占10%。减少温室气体排放可通过改变生产(如燃料替代)或通过改变消费(如改变消费产品的数量和质量)来实现。虽然对工业过程产生的温室气体排放已经有了“碳足迹”消费账户，但缺乏与土地利用变化相关的碳排放账户。CoBALUCE通过建立土地利用变化碳排放的综合账户来帮助缩小这一差距。其目标是在全球30年的时间序列中，将所有与陆地有关的碳排放(分别为碳固存)的80%-90%分配给个人生物质(食品、饲料、材料、生物能源)产品的消费。解决的主要挑战涉及这样一个事实，即土地的碳排放(或吸收)也取决于土地使用历史(遗留影响)，这极大地阻碍了明确地将排放归因于产品。为此，该项目在一次高级别专家会议上探讨了不同可能的分配规则的优缺点，并根据研究过程中创建的数据库实施了最有希望的选择。通过建立关于生物质产品土地利用变化排放的坚实和全面的数据库，CoBALUCE有助于支持与陆基产品消费相关的国际气候政策。例如，该数据库提供了关于哪些国家从国际贸易中不成比例地受益并因此能够减轻其国内环境压力的洞察，另一方面，哪些国家的情况正好相反。