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Human capital investments in a life-cycle perspective and across generations

从生命周期角度和跨代人进行人力资本投资

基本信息

批准号：
398217168
负责人：
Professor Dr. Martin Karlsson
金额：
--
依托单位：
Lehrstuhl für VWL, insb. Gesundheitsökonomik
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2018
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2017-12-31 至 2021-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/398217168?language=en
关键词：
Human capital investments life cycle

项目摘要

This project aims at measuring the effects of education and early life health interventions on individual health and socio-economic outcomes. The analysis focuses on aspects for which the existing evidence is ambiguous, like education effects on health and effects of parental education, as well as on aspects for which little evidence has been generated to date, such as synergy effects between educational and early-childhood health interventions; between investments affecting different generations; and the relationship between public investments and parental responses. In order to assure that the observed relationships are not caused by third factors, like differences in child health which may influence schooling as well as other later-life outcomes, but actually originate from differences in educational attainment, the analysis exploits variation in schooling and access to care caused by a series of historical reforms implemented during the first half of the 20th century. These reforms extended the schooling of children, or their access to preventative care, in different ways and their implementation was characterised by an enormous temporal and regional variation. Since the generated variation was of an institutional kind and therefore independent of individual decisions the reforms can be considered as “natural experiments” which are ideally exploitable for the measurement of causal effects. The setting also allows us to address several identification issues typically present in analyses based on public interventions. In order to conduct the analysis, previously unutilised historical data sources are combined with more recently collected individual-level information which enables us to exploit a database for Sweden of a quality and coverage out of reach for most other countries.

该项目旨在衡量教育和生命早期健康干预措施对个人健康和社会经济成果的影响。分析的重点是现有证据不明确的方面，如教育对健康的影响和父母教育的影响，以及迄今为止证据很少的方面，如教育和幼儿健康干预措施之间的协同效应;影响不同世代的投资之间的协同效应;以及公共投资与父母反应之间的关系。为了确保所观察到的关系不是由第三方因素引起的，如可能影响学校教育以及其他晚年生活结果的儿童健康差异，而是实际上源于教育程度的差异，分析利用了由世纪上半叶实施的一系列历史改革引起的学校教育和获得护理的变化。这些改革以不同的方式扩大了儿童的教育，或扩大了他们获得预防性保健的机会，其实施的特点是时间和区域差异巨大。由于产生的变化是一种制度，因此独立于个人的决定，改革可以被视为“自然实验”，这是理想的因果关系的测量利用。该设置还使我们能够解决基于公共干预的分析中通常存在的几个识别问题。为了进行分析，以前未使用的历史数据源与最近收集的个人信息相结合，使我们能够利用瑞典的数据库的质量和覆盖范围超出了大多数其他国家。