The Effects of Cleaning Methods on Titanium Implant Abutment Surfaces

研究了特定清洁方法对口腔内积累菌斑的钛基牙（SteriossR， PMA基牙，3.25 mm）表面的影响。使用单独的丙烯酸支架在两个上颌磨牙区域的面部放置两个基台。每侧两个基牙进行扫描电镜研究，另两个基牙植入大鼠背部皮肤。每个基牙采用4种不同的清洗方法：PS（塑料清洗机）、QJ（快速射流、空气动力-磨料系统）、PS+TC（四环素- hc1溶液）和PS+AOW（酸性氧化水）。阴性对照为未使用基牙（CONT），阳性对照为有菌斑堆积的基牙（UNT）。扫描电镜观察显示，所有治疗方法都能有效去除牙菌斑。QJ是去除牙菌斑最有效的方法（清洁得分为0），但与其他处理相比，与对照组相比，会造成表面损伤。其余3种方法去除牙菌斑无明显损伤的差异无统计学意义（P<0.05）。采用大鼠模型对不同清洗方法处理后种植基牙周围炎症细胞数量进行组织学测定。各治疗组炎症细胞数均低于UNT组，但均高于CONT组，PS组与PS+AOW组比较差异无统计学意义。通过扫描电镜和该大鼠模型可以看出，PS+TC处理是最有效的不损伤基牙表面的清洁方法。

The effect of specific cleaning procedures was investigated on the surfaces of titanium implant abutment (SteriossR, PMA abutoment, 3.25 mm) with experimentally accumulated plaque in human mouth. Two abutments were placed on the facial aspects of both maxillary molar regions using individual acrylic stent. Two abutments on each side were examined for SEM study, while the other two abutments for implantation in rat back skin. Each abutment was treated with one of 4 different cleaning methods : PS (plastic scaler), QJ (Quick jetR, air - power - abrasive system), PS+TC (tetracycline-HC1 solution) and PS+AOW (acidic oxidizing water). The unused abutment (CONT) was as a negative control, while the abutment with plaque accumulation (UNT) as a positive control. The SEM observation revealed that all treatments were effective to remove plaque. QJ was the most effective to remove plaque (cleaning score, 0), but caused the surface damage compared to the other treatment compared to the control. There was no significant difference for removing plaque with no remarkable damage among the remaining 3 methods (P<0.05). The number of inflammatory cells around the implanted abutment treated with different cleaning methods were measured histologically using rat model. All treatments were less for the number of inflammatory cells than that of UNT, however, more than that of CONT. There was no difference between PS and PS+AOW. It may be concluded that the treatment with PS+TC was the most effective method for the cleaning without damage on the abutment surface using SEM and this rat model.