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Establishing the Salmon method for wheat haploid production

建立小麦单倍体生产的 Salmon 方法

基本信息

批准号：
63860002
负责人：
TSUNEWAKI Koichiro
金额：
$ 6.14万
依托单位：
Kyoto University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Developmental Scientific Research
财政年份：
1988
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1988 至 1990
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

A common wheat having the 1B-1R translocation chromosome of Salmon wheat and an S^v cytoplasm of Aegilops kotschyi or Ae. variabilis produces haploids at a high frequency. However, when they are chromosome-doubled, only malesterile plants are obtained, which have no breeding value. In this project we aimed to develop a genetic system with which we can get haploids producing male-fertile plants when chromosome-doubled. The following two approaches have been undertaken : (1) Induction of a mutation from PM to SS= to inactivate the function of Spq suppressing the Ptg gene for haploid induction. (2) Screening of the Rfvl spg genotype among common wheat cultivars carrying a 1B-lR translocation@hromosome. The results obtained are as follows :(1) Screening of the mutation, SSM to spg, among mutagen-treated common wheat --- Presoaked seeds of a common wheat CS were treated with 0.2-0.6% EMS, and their M_2 offspring were crossed as male to alloplasmic lines of Salmon with an S^v type cytoplasm … More (abbrev. (S^v)-Salmon). In the next generation seed fertility of the individual plants were observed and haploid frequency in their offspring was tested. In total, 715 M_2 lines were tested, and some lines showing high haploid frequency were obtained. Unfortunately, all these lines showed very low fertility, and we could not get any mutant line having the expected genotype, Rfvl spg.(2) Screening the Rfvl spq genotype among wheat cultivars carrying a 1B-lR translocation --- In total 26 cultivars were crossed as male to (S^v)-CS, and Fl hybrids were backcrossed to those cultivars as female parent. In the Bl generation seed fertility of about 15 plants per line and haploid frequency in their offspring were observed. Almost all cultivars produced the Bi offspring of high fertility with no haploids or low fertility with high haploid frequency. Only exception was a line XXXXXX bred by CIMMYT, that gave the Bl line with high fertility and high haploid frequency. We assume this particular line has the genotype, Rfvl spg, that we have been looking for.Note) The name of the CIMMYT line will not be publicized. Less

一种普通小麦，具有鲑鱼小麦的 1B-1R 易位染色体和山羊草或伊蚊的 S^v 细胞质。 variabilis 以高频率产生单倍体。然而，当它们染色体加倍时，只能获得雄性不育植物，没有育种价值。在这个项目中，我们的目标是开发一个遗传系统，通过该系统我们可以获得单倍体，在染色体加倍时产生雄性可育植物。已采取以下两种方法：(1)诱导从PM到SS=的突变，以使Spq抑制单倍体诱导的Ptg基因的功能失活。 (2)携带1B-1R易位@染色体的普通小麦品种中Rfvl spg基因型的筛选。所得结果如下：(1)诱变剂处理的普通小麦中SSM至spg突变的筛选——普通小麦CS预浸种子经0.2-0.6%EMS处理，其M_2后代作为雄性与S^v型细胞质的Salmon异质系杂交。 (S^v)-鲑鱼)。在下一代中，观察单个植物的种子育性并测试其后代的单倍体频率。总共测试了715个M_2品系，获得了一些单倍体频率较高的品系。不幸的是，所有这些品系的育性都非常低，我们未能获得具有预期基因型Rfvl spg的突变品系。(2)在携带1B-1R易位的小麦品种中筛选Rfvl spq基因型——将总共26个品种作为雄性与(S^v)-CS杂交，并将Fl杂种与这些品种作为母本回交。在B1代中，观察到每系约15株植物的种子育性及其后代的单倍体频率。几乎所有品种都产生了高育性但无单倍体的Bi后代或低育性但高单倍体频率的Bi后代。唯一的例外是 CIMMYT 培育的品系 XXXXXX，该品系具有高育性和高单倍体频率。我们假设该特定品系具有我们一直在寻找的基因型 Rfvl spg。注意）CIMMYT 品系的名称不会公开。较少的