Development of a new male sterility-fertility restoration system for hybrid wheat breeding

杂交小麦育种新型雄性不育-可育性恢复系统的开发

• 批准号: 60860001
• 负责人: TSUNEWAKI Koichiro
• 金额: $ 4.35万
• 依托单位: Kyoto University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Developmental Scientific Research
• 财政年份: 1985
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1985 至 1987
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-60860001/
• 关键词: Common wheat; Hybrid wheat; Triple-cross hybrid; Cytoplasmic male sterility; Ferility restoration; Maintainer line; Aegilops kotschyi cytoplasm; Ae uniaristate細胞質; 3系交雑【F_1】; 雄性不稔・稔性回復系; 細胞貭雄性不稔系統; Ae.kotschyi細胞貭; Ae.uniaristata細胞貭; 雄性不稔系統

Although a large number of institutions and researchers were involved for many years in breeding hybrid wheat using Triticum timopheevi cytoplasm and fertility-restoring genes for this cytoplasm, no success of hybrid wheat has reported so far. Mukai and Tsunewaki (1979) proposed to use the cytoplasm of Aegilops kotsuchyi, instead of the timopheevi cytoplasm, enumarating the advantages of the former's over the latter's use. The present project has aimed to develop a new male sterilityfertility restoration system for hybrid wheat breeding, utilizing the kotschyi cytoplasm. For the past three years period, the following experiments were conducted:(1) Production of a male sterile line with the kotsuchyi cytoplasm --- (Ktschyi)-Spelta was backcrossed three times to a common wheat, Chinese Spring, as a recurrent pollen parent. After each backcross, the hybrids, were self-pollinadted, and the segregating male sterile offspring were used as the female parent for further backcross. Frequency of … More the male steriles was very low (less than 1%) in all selfed generations. The male sterile plants in the B3S generation were crossed to a maintainer lins, 911B, developed by Dr. J. panayotov, Bulgaria., This cross produced a uniform, malesterije Fl Jine.(2) Production of the maintaine lines --- About 50 F2 plants of the cross, Spelta x Chinese Spring, were test-crossed to (kotschyi)-Spelta, and at the same time, self-pollinated. By examining selfed seed fertility of the test-crossed progenies, four F2 lines which can be served as the maintainer of the male sterile line having the kotschyi cytoplasm were selected.(3) Field trial of the triple-cross hybride having the kotschyi cytoplasm --- The male sterile F1 line stated above was crossed to eight Japanese cultivers, and the resultant triple-cross hybrids were tested in an experimental field plot in four replicates. The results demonstrated that the present male sterility-fertility restoration system gave much higher-yielding hybrid wheat than the system utulizing the timopheeve cytoplasm.1) Completely male sterile line of Spelta wheat having the kotschyi cytoplasm Less

尽管多年来，许多机构和研究人员参与了利用小粒小麦细胞质和该细胞质的育性恢复基因培育杂交小麦的研究，但到目前为止还没有成功的报道。Mukai和Tsunewaki(1979)提出用粗山羊草的细胞质代替timopheevi细胞质，并列举了前者优于后者的优点。本项目的目的是利用Kotschyi细胞质，为杂交小麦育种开发一种新的雄性不育恢复系统。(1)利用Kotsuhyi细胞质雄性不育系--(Ktschyi)-Spelta与普通小麦中国春回交3次，作为轮回花粉亲本。每次回交后，对杂交后代进行自花授粉，以分离的雄性不育后代为母本进行进一步回交。…的频率此外，所有自交世代的雄性不育率都很低(不到1%)。将B3S代的雄性不育株与保加利亚的J.Panayotov博士育成的保持系911B杂交，产生了一个均匀的雄性不育系F1 Jine。(2)保持系的产生-将大约50个F_2代杂交组合Spelta×China Spring测交到(Kotschyi)-Spelta，同时进行自花授粉。通过对测交后代的自交种子育性检测，筛选出4个可作为Kotschyi细胞质雄性不育系保持系的F2品系。(3)将Kotschyi细胞质三元杂交组合--不育F1系与8个日本栽培种杂交，在田间小区进行4次重复试验。结果表明，目前的雄性不育-育性恢复系统获得的杂交小麦产量远高于利用铁皮细胞质的系统。1)具有较少kotschyi细胞质的斯佩尔塔小麦完全雄性不育系

项目成果

Spetsov, P., K. Yonezawa and K. Tsunewaki: "Increasing genetic variability in common wheat by utilization of alien cytoplasms Cytoplasmic effects on the performance and interplant varibility of the F_1 and F_2 generations of the cross, Triticum aestivem c

Spetsov, P., K. Yonezawa 和 K. Tsunewaki：“通过利用外来细胞质增加普通小麦的遗传变异性，细胞质对杂交 F_1 和 F_2 代的性能和株间变异性的影响，Triticum aestivem c

Tsunewaki, K.: "Cytoplasmic variability in Triticum and Aegilops and its use in wheat breeding (in Japanese)" Recent Advances in Breeding. 28. 62-74 (1987)

Tsunewaki, K.：“小麦和山羊草的细胞质变异及其在小麦育种中的应用（日语）”育种最新进展。

Tsunewaki, K., R. Matsuo and I. Panayotov: "A yield with the triple-cross common wheat hybrids having an S^v type cytoplasw (in Japanese)" Japanese Journal of Breeding. 38(Suppl.1). (1988)

Tsunewaki, K.、R. Matsuo 和 I. Panayotov：“具有 S^v 型细胞质的三交普通小麦杂交种的产量（日文）”《日本育种杂志》。

鳥山 国士: 育種学雑誌. 37(2). 234-235 (1987)

鸟山国夫：《育种科学杂志》37(2)（1987）。

Toriyama, K. and K. Tsunewaki: "Breeding scheme of hybrid wheat utilizing S^v type cytoplasm (in Japanese)" Japanese Journal of Breeding. 37(Suppl.2). 234-235 (1987)

Toriyama, K. 和 K. Tsunewaki：“利用 S^v 型细胞质的杂交小麦育种方案（日语）”日本育种杂志。