ClimCellMed - Climate dynamics during the late Holocene derived from Cell structure measurements of juniper trees in the eastern Mediterranean

ClimCellMed - 全新世晚期的气候动态源自地中海东部杜松树的细胞结构测量

• 批准号: 404355020
• 负责人: Privatdozent Dr. Ingo Heinrich
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Referat Naturwissenschaften an der Zentrale
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Priority Programmes
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2017-12-31 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/404355020?language=en
• 关键词: ClimCellMed; Climate; dynamics; during; late

Large parts of present-day Africa are affected severely by global and environmental change, resulting directly in or worsening already existing societal problems. Since the continent has gone through similar changes in the past, it is important to comprehend the regional past climate dynamics in more detail, since it has been hypothesised that environmental change played a significant role in conditioning human expansions, contractions and possibly even extinctions. More reliable regional climate reconstructions will be valuable background information when studying the transformations within human societies and entanglement mechanisms in Africa more comprehensively. In many parts of the world tree-ring based climate reconstructions have been accomplished successfully. African dendrochronology is often difficult because of indistinct, double, missing or wedging ring boundaries. In some instances, tree rings have been used as precisely dated high-resolution climate proxies. Long-term reconstructions derived from trees growing in Africa north of the equator are very rare, which we believe is a crucial gap in the palaeoclimate database. The future prospects for long tree-ring records in Africa north of the equator are generally bleak due to the very limited forested area. Dendroarchaeologically datable wood from African trees is very rare but dendroarchaeologically datable wood from timber (cedar, juniper and cypress) imported from Turkey is common. For dendroclimatological purposes, juniper imported from the Taurus Mountains in the hinterland of Turkey´s southern coast is seen as the most promising species in northern Africa. The main goal of the project is to combine woody juniper material from both living trees and archaeological sites, and to establish, for the first time, a long reconstruction in the Mediterranean back to 3000 BC, utilizing a recently developed method applying confocal laser scanning microscopy for measuring cell structures of tree rings. The resulting cell structure chronologies will be subdivided into several classes, containing only a fraction of cell rows per tree-ring. The resulting sub-chronologies represent sub-seasonal cell growth patterns. Such sub-chronologies will be correlated with seasonal climate data and additional seasonal climate information will be derived. Subsequent analyses will examine relationships to the atmospheric and oceanic modes of climate variability (e.g., ENSO, NAO and Monsoon) in the eastern Mediterranean and northeast Africa, investigate the impact of past volcanic eruptions and identify possible climate effects on human societies in the region.

当今非洲的大部分地区受到全球和环境变化的严重影响，直接导致或恶化了已经存在的社会问题。由于非洲大陆过去经历过类似的变化，因此必须更详细地了解该区域过去的气候动态，因为有人假设，环境变化在调节人类扩张、收缩甚至可能是扩张方面发挥了重要作用。更可靠的区域气候重建将是更全面地研究非洲人类社会内部变革和纠缠机制的宝贵背景信息。在世界许多地方，基于树木年轮的气候重建已经成功地完成。非洲树木年代学往往是困难的，因为模糊的，双重的，失踪或楔形环边界。在某些情况下，树木年轮被用作精确定年的高分辨率气候代用指标。从赤道以北的非洲树木中获得的长期重建非常罕见，我们认为这是古气候数据库中的一个关键空白。在赤道以北的非洲，由于森林面积非常有限，长期树木年轮记录的未来前景普遍黯淡。从非洲树木中可以确定年代的树木非常罕见，但从土耳其进口的木材（雪松，杜松和柏树）中可以确定年代的木材很常见。出于树木气候学的目的，从土耳其南部海岸腹地的金牛座山脉进口的杜松被视为北方非洲最有前途的物种。该项目的主要目标是结合联合收割机木质杜松材料从活的树木和考古遗址，并建立，第一次，在地中海的长期重建回到公元前3000年，利用最近开发的方法，应用共聚焦激光扫描显微镜测量细胞结构的树木年轮。由此产生的细胞结构年表将被细分为几个类，只包含一小部分的细胞行每年轮。由此产生的子年表代表亚季节性细胞生长模式。这些次年表将与季节性气候数据相关联，并将得出更多的季节性气候信息。后续分析将检查与大气和海洋气候变异模式的关系（例如，在东地中海和非洲东北部的ENSO，NAO和季风），调查过去火山爆发的影响，并确定可能对该地区人类社会的气候影响。