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Hot charge carriers in tin-based perovskite solar cells to exceed the Shockley-Queisser limit

锡基钙钛矿太阳能电池中的热载流子将超过肖克利-奎瑟极限

基本信息

批准号：
408012143
负责人：
Dr. Simon Kahmann
金额：
--
依托单位：
Juniorprofessur Experimentelle Halbleiterphysik
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Fellowships
财政年份：
2018
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2017-12-31 至 2020-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/408012143?language=en
关键词：
Hot charge carriers tin based

项目摘要

Generated charge carriers in solar cells lose a considerable portion of their energy as heat due to thermalisation. This loss process commonly limits the maximum achievable power conversion efficiency of solar cells to approximately 33%. In this project, I shall investigate a material system – tin perovskite – in which charge carriers cool down slowly enough to enable a successful harvesting of the additional energy. The successful implementation would double the theoretically achievable power conversion efficiency to 66%.My focus first lies on elucidating the origin of the unexpectedly long lifetime of hot-carriers in tin-perovskite. These investigations will chiefly be carried out through time resolved photoluminescence spectroscopy on single crystals, since this technique allows for a good assessment of the carrier lifetime and single crystals tend to exhibit a higher material quality than the thin films used in devices. Compositional variation will allow for the optimisation of the hot-carrier lifetime and furthermore give rise to a deeper understanding of the atomic impacts on the lifetime.Following these fundamental studies, the carrier cooling will be optimised for thin films usable in solar cells. This especially concerns the passivation of electrical trap states at grain boundaries.In the last phase of the project, the extraction of hot-carriers is to be demonstrated. This will require to establish a proper electrical contact to the material. To this end, I propose to use low-dimensional nanomaterials, whose properties I studied during my doctoral work.Analogous to the perovskite absorption layer, all necessary contacting layers ought to be deposited from solution, to allow for a cheap and easy processing. This is a crucial requirement for the later large-scale production of solar cells.

太阳能电池中产生的电荷载流子由于热化而损失相当大一部分能量作为热量。这种损耗过程通常将太阳能电池的最大可实现功率转换效率限制在约33%。在这个项目中，我将研究一种材料系统-锡钙钛矿-其中电荷载流子冷却得足够慢，以便成功地收集额外的能量。成功的实现将使理论上可实现的功率转换效率提高一倍至66%。我的重点首先在于阐明锡钙钛矿中出乎意料的长寿命热载流子的起源。这些调查将主要是通过时间分辨的光致发光光谱进行单晶，因为这种技术允许一个很好的评估的载流子寿命和单晶往往表现出更高的材料质量比在设备中使用的薄膜。成分变化将允许优化热载流子寿命，并进一步加深对原子对寿命的影响的理解。在这些基础研究之后，载流子冷却将被优化用于太阳能电池的薄膜。这特别涉及到在晶界的电陷阱态的钝化。在项目的最后阶段，热载流子的提取将被证明。这将需要与材料建立适当的电接触。为此，我建议使用低维纳米材料，我在博士工作期间研究了其特性。类似于钙钛矿吸收层，所有必要的接触层都应该从溶液中沉积，以实现廉价和简单的加工。这是后期大规模生产太阳能电池的关键要求。