FOR 2924: Romanization and Islamication in Late Antiquity – Transcultural Processes on the Iberian Peninsula and in North Africa

拟议中的人文中心召集比较帝国研究的学科。我们的方法旨在比较西地中海历史区域的跨文化同化过程，重点是伊比利亚半岛和北非在第一个千年CE，或所谓的“长期晚期古代”，包括早期伊斯兰时期。经济上重要的伊比利亚半岛和马格里布是外围地区，无论是在异教，后来基督教化的罗马，并在伊斯兰帝国。在千禧年开始时，这两个地区的特点是文化，凯尔特-伊比利亚和柏柏尔，这是希腊文明的影响，但保持自己的，独特的特点。罗马帝国和伊斯兰帝国都塑造了社会、城市、行政和景观的形成。两者都引入了一种起源于中东的救赎宗教作为国教，但采取了不同的社会实施方式（强迫宗教同质化/宗教多元性，尽管不是平等的）。两个帝国结束后，罗马文化在日耳曼人的领导下蓬勃发展，伊斯兰文化在自治的倭马亚人和阿格拉比德人的领导下也是如此。虽然在伊比利亚半岛的罗马-基督教元素仍然在几个世纪的证据，尽管伊斯兰化，以前的罗马-基督教文化的北非（奥古斯丁）几乎完全消失后，两个或三个世纪后，阿拉伯征服。在这里，文化伊斯兰化与宗教伊斯兰化融合在一起。这种历史背景使得跨文化适应过程的理论模型得以在一个虽然远离帝国中心，但仍然具有重要意义的空间中构建。人文中心将把长期以来在不同学科中平行进行的关于罗马化和伊斯兰化领域的基础研究问题、方法论和立场的辩论联系起来。人文中心还将为这两个研究领域提供新的经验信息。从西地中海的主题出发点，它还将为跨文化和比较帝国研究领域提供新的模型和理论。正是这种方法的结合，有可能打破罗马化和伊斯兰化作为“前现代形式的殖民”的当代协会。反过来，目前的跨文化和帝国的理论和模型可以测试其相关性的历史和地理重点的这个项目。人文中心以话语为导向的形式，一方面是核心研究人员的个人研究，另一方面是国际奖学金计划之间的相互作用，非常适合在这一领域活跃和重组全球话语。

The proposed Humanities Center convenes the disciplines of comparative empire studies. Our approach aims to compare transcultural assimilation processes in the historical region of the western Mediterranean with focus on the Iberian Peninsula and North Africa during the first millennium CE, or the so-called „Long Late Antiquity“, including the Early Islamic Period. The economically significant Iberian Peninsula and the Maghreb were peripheral regions, both in the pagan, later Christianized Roman, and in the Islamic Empire. At the beginning of the millennium both regions were characterized by cultures, Celt-Iberian and Berber, that were influenced by Hellenistic civilization, but maintained their own, distinct characteristics. Both the Roman and the Islamic empires shaped the formation of societies, cities, administration, and landscapes. Both introduced a salvation religion, originating from the Middle East, as the state religion, but took a different approach to their social implementation (forced religious homogenization / religious albeit not equal plurality). After the end of each of the two empires, the Roman culture flourished under the Germanic leaders, as did the Islamic culture under the autonomous Umayyads and Aghlabids. While in the Iberian Peninsula the Roman-Christian element remained in evidence for centuries, despite Islamication, the previously Roman-Christian culture of North Africa (Augustine) disappeared almost entirely after two to three centuries after the Arab conquest. Here, the cultural Islamication merged with a religious Islamization. This historical situation permits the construction of theoretical models of transcultural adaptation processes in a space that, although geographically distant from the imperial centers, nonetheless continued to be of importance.The Humanities Center will connect debates about fundamental research issues, methodology, and positions in the field of Romanization and Islamication, that have for long been conducted parallel to one another, in separate disciplines. The Humanities Center will also generate new empirical information for the two research fields. From its thematic departure point of the western Mediterranean, it will also contribute new models and theories to the field of transcultural and comparative empire studies. It is precisely this combination of approaches that has the potential to break up contemporary associations of Romanization and Islamication as ‘pre-modern forms of colonization’. In turn, current theories and models on Transculturality and Empires can be tested for their relevance to the historical and geographical focus of this project. The discourse-oriented format of the Humanities Center, with its interplay between the individual research of the core group of researchers on the one hand, and an international fellowship program on the other, is extraordinarily suited to dynamize and restructure global discourse in this field.