Exploring short- and long-term dynamics of context-specific adjustments of cognitive control

目标导向行为的标志之一是利用情境信息灵活地调整认知控制和注意力，以适应不断变化的环境。近年来，关于语境调节的研究进一步加深了我们对语境调节的理解，主要集中在所谓的语境特异性比例一致性（CSPC）效应上。然而，这种理解的语境调整目前受到两个方向的挑战：第一，它已被质疑，是否语境调整的研究成果是在所有与认知控制，第二，这些语境调整，反映了一个灵活的机制，在短期内是否可以导致在长期的兼容性。在我们的项目中，我们的目标是通过指定上下文调整的过程和机制来解决这些问题。在研究的第一线，我们打算澄清的作用，认知控制为基础的帐户和具有挑战性的刺激反应预测为基础的帐户在收购和参与的上下文调整。在第二条线，我们打算研究的长期后果的上下文调整，并调查这种调整如何与额外的contextual requirements.For这些objectives，我们遵循的方法基于两个时间尺度来跟踪，第一，短期条件，导致上下文调整，通过应用时间连续的测量，如鼠标跟踪和EEG频率标签。第二，我们的目标是通过应用跨会话和多背景的方法来跟踪长期成本和背景调整的潜力。通过这种方式，我们打破了简化的非此即彼的观点，以及对情境调整的唯一积极的短期观点，并得出了一个详细的理论图景的过程和机制的灵活的行为情境调整。

One of the hallmarks of goal-directed behavior is the use of contextual information to flexibly adjust cognitive control and attention to an ever-changing environment. Research on such context adjustments has forwarded our understanding in recent years, focusing mainly on the so-called context-specific proportion congruency (CSPC) effects. However this understanding of context adjustments is currently challenged from two directions: First, it has been questioned, whether the research findings on context adjustments are related to cognitive control at all, and second, whether these context adjustments which reflect a flexible mechanism in the short-term can lead to inflexibility in the long-term. In our project, we aim to resolve these issues by specifying the processes and mechanisms underlying context adjustments. In a first line of research we intend to clarify the role of both, a cognitive control-based account and the challenging stimulus-response-prediction-based account in the acquisition and engagement of contextual adjustments. In a second line, we intend to study the long-term consequences of context adjustments and investigate how such adjustments interact with additional contextual requirements.For these objectives, we follow an approach based on two time scales to trace, first, the short-term conditions that lead to contextual adjustments by applying time-continuous measurements such as mouse tracking and EEG frequency tagging. Second, we aim at tracing long-term costs and potentials of contextual adjustments by applying an across-session and multi-contextual approach. This way, we burst open the simplified either/or as well as the solely positive short-term view on contextual adjustments and derive a detailed theoretical picture of the processes and mechanisms underlying the flexible contextual adjustment of behavior.