Journalism and its audience: The re-figuration of a relationship and its influence on newsproduction

项目B调查了新闻-观众关系的重塑及其对新闻生产的影响。虽然不同形式的受众监测和衡量、参与和参与长期以来一直是许多记者日常工作的一部分，但新闻-受众关系的重新塑造刺激了新闻职能的根本扩展，即创造和分发内容，并承担新的任务，如促进和管理后续沟通、连接、互动以及与用户和用户之间的协作。这些发展深刻地影响了新闻业、其社会功能及其产生的内容被人们思考、制作、分发和接受的方式。然而，新闻-受众关系的重塑并不是在所有新闻组织或所有个人从业者中同时和统一地进行的。在这里，尤其令人震惊的是，新媒体初创公司似乎将对新闻与受众关系的新理解置于他们如何构思和实践新闻工作的核心。该项目认为这些现象是相互关联的，这一考虑反映在其三步实证分析过程中。首先，我们将在所有方面重建记者与受众的关系(新闻角色概念、受众形象、参与、数据通信等)。其次，我们将研究这些关系如何影响记者的工作和产出。第三，将对这两个方面进行比较研究，对比记者工作所处的各种组织环境；老牌媒体组织或新闻初创公司对新闻与受众关系的深刻重新塑造可能已经是司空见惯的做法。在方法上，这将通过使用多种方法设计来实现，该设计结合了重建--对记者的采访，他们将用来记录他们与受众成员的接触的日记应用程序，对参与者的新闻故事和相应的受众反馈的内容分析，以及对受众如何在社交媒体上进一步传播所审查的故事的网络分析。参照整体方案的目标--即调查深度媒体化时代公共传播的重塑--B项目引入了对公共传播构成的生产者-用户星座的重塑的分析。对于其他两个项目，项目B将提供关于组织模式对现有媒体运营和初创企业中的受众关系和新闻生产的影响的理论和经验证据(项目A着眼于先锋新闻)，以及关于什么样的受众贡献进入新闻生产过程的调查结果(项目C调查个人的公共联系)。

Project B investigates the re-figuration of the journalism-audience relationship and its influence on news production. While different forms of audience monitoring and measurement, participation, and engagement have long been part of many journalists’ daily routines, the re-figuration of the journalism-audience relationship has stimulated a fundamental expansion of the journalistic function of creating and distributing content with new tasks such as facilitating and managing follow-up communication, connectivity, interactions, and collaboration with and among users. These developments profoundly affect how journalism, its societal function, and the content it produces are thought of, produced, distributed, and received. However, the re-figuration of the journalism-audience relationship does not take place simultaneously and uniformly within all journalistic organizations or for all individual practitioners. Here, it is particularly striking that new media startups seem to place a new understanding of the journalism-audience relationship at the very heart of how they conceive and practice news work.This project considers these phenomena as interrelated, a consideration that is reflected in its three-step empirical-analytical process. Firstly, we will reconstruct journalists’ relationships with audiences in all their facets (journalistic role conceptions, audience images, participation, datafication, etc.). Secondly, we will examine how these relationships affect journalists’ work and their output. Thirdly, both these aspects will be examined comparatively, contrasting the variety of organizational contexts in which journalists work; established media organizations or journalistic start-ups where deeply re-figured journalism-audience relationships may already be common practice. Methodologically, this will be achieved through the use of a multi-method design that combines reconstruction-interviews with journalists, a diary app that they will use to log their contacts with audience members, content analyses of the participants’ news stories and the corresponding audience feedback, and network analyses of how audiences further distribute the examined stories in social media.With reference to the overall package’s objectives – that is to investigate the re-figuration of public communication in times of deep mediatization – Project B brings in the analysis of the re-figuration of a producer-user constellation constitutive for public communication. For the other two projects, Project B will provide theoretical and empirical evidence on the influence organizational models have on audience relations and news production within both established media operations and start-ups (for Project A’s look at pioneer journalism) as well as findings on what kind of audience contributions find their way into the journalistic production process (for Project C’s investigation into individuals’ public connection).