科学教育における教師教育の実態に関する歴史的研究

科学教育中教师教育现状的历史研究

• 批准号: 08780151
• 负责人: 磯崎 哲夫
• 金额: $ 0.58万
• 依托单位: Hiroshima University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Encouragement of Young Scientists (A)
• 财政年份: 1996
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1996 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-08780151/
• 关键词: 中等理科教師; 高等師範学校; 文部省中等学校教員検定試験; 教員養成

本研究は、科学教育における教師教育の実態に関する歴史的研究として、戦前の中等学校の教師を対象として、その養成方法の実態や文部省検定試験の数量的分析を行った。その結果、以下のことが明らかとなった。1.目的的養成学校(東京高等師範学校、広島高等師範学校及び臨時教員養成所)におけるカリキュラム編成目的意識的な養成を行っていた高等師範学校のカリキュラムは、中等教員を多く輩出していた帝国大学のカリキュラムと比較すると次のような点で特色が認められた。(1)理科系は主専攻が理化と博物に区分されていたけれども、複数学科目担当できるように学科目が編成されていた、(2)文科理科系を問わず、教育学に関する系統的な教育が行われていた、(3)最終学年に長期にわたる教育実習が実施されており、それは多彩なプログラムを含む実験的・研究的見地に立つ学習であり、かつ養成教育としても最も重視されていた。2.文部省中等学校教員検定試験における理科諸科目受験者数の推移『文部省年報』により、理科諸科目に関し無試験検定(主として大学出身者対象)と試験検定(主として中等教育終了者を対象)の出願者及び合格者の推移を分析すると、(1)試験検定と無試験検定では科目により事情が異なるけれども一般に無試験検定の方が合格比率が高い、(2)大正7年度以降無試験検定の出願者及び合格者の数が著しく増加し、とりわけ科目「化学」はそれが顕著である、(3)科目「鉱物」及び科目「生理衛生」は他の理科諸科目と比較して無試験検定及び試験検定の出願者数が低調である、ことが明らかとなた。この原因の考察については、今後の課題としたが、理科教育界の実態や教員養成制度の分析ばかりではなく、第一次世界大戦の影響や工業系産業界の雇用状況といった教育界以外の要因を併せて分析・検討する必要がある。

This study is aimed at studying the history of teacher training in science education, analyzing the status of teacher training in middle schools, and analyzing the number of teacher training tests conducted by the Ministry of Education. The result is that the following is the same as the result. 1. The goal of the training school (Tokyo Normal School, Hiroshima Normal School and temporary teacher training center), the training of purpose consciousness, the training of purpose consciousness consciousness, the training of purpose consciousness (1)Science Department is divided into two major departments: physics and chemistry, natural science, and mathematics.(2) Liberal Arts and Science Department is divided into two departments: education and science.(3) Education and science in the final academic year is divided into two departments: science and chemistry.(4) Education and science is divided into two departments: science and chemistry.(5) Education and science is divided into two departments: science and science.(6) Education and science is divided into two departments: science and science.(7) Education and science is divided into two departments: science and science.(8) Education and science is divided into two departments: science and science.(9) Education and science is divided into two departments.(9) Education and science is divided into three departments.(9) Education and science is divided into two departments.(9) Education and science is divided into three departments.(9) Education and science is divided into two departments.(9) Education and science is divided into two departments.(9) Education and science is divided into three departments.(9) Education and science departments.(9) Education and science departments are divided into two departments.(9) Education and science departments The most important thing is to develop education. 2. Changes in the number of subjects in science subjects in the Ministry of Education's annual report on teacher evaluation for secondary schools (Main article: University background)(2) The number of applicants and qualified applicants decreased in the seventh year of Dazheng, and the number of qualified applicants increased in the sixth year of Dazheng.(3) The subjects of "physical health" and "physiological hygiene" are compared with other science subjects. The number of volunteers who have no test and test is low and low. The reasons for this are discussed in detail, and future issues are discussed in detail, including the analysis of the actual teacher training system in science education, the impact of the First World Congress, and the employment situation in industry.