Application of grain-oriented electrical sheets in flux switching machines

设计具有高转矩密度的高效电机是一项非常具有挑战性的任务。在实现减少温室气体排放的既定目标的同时，还可以实现其他一些减少能源消耗的目标。因此，电机作为机电换能器起着重要的作用。除了优化电机电磁有源部件的几何结构以实现节能外，还应考虑新机器拓扑结构和新材料的应用，这是本研究项目的主要任务。在一些前期数值模拟结果的基础上，研究了晶粒取向电工钢板在一种新的机器概念——分段定子结构的磁通开关永磁电机（FSPMM）中的应用。为了评估应用晶粒取向电钢板的内在潜力，这些材料应该在第一步进行表征。为了对材料进行表征，必须开发一个非常特殊的测试装置，该装置能够研究电磁特性以及根据钢板轧制方向切割边缘和接头边缘的影响。根据所获得的结果，决定切割和连接的方式。接下来，机器的操作行为将用一个简单的磁等效电路（MEC）模型进行解析建模，因为这种方法的计算负担较低。尽管对机器的几何形状进行了建模，但将在MEC中对切削方法和定子分割的影响进行建模和考虑。在使用MEC获得机器运行行为的一些初步结果后，将通过应用有限元分析完成机器原型的最终设计。在项目的这个阶段，必须做出决定，在主动机器部件中使用晶粒取向电工钢板。此外，还应考虑材料切削方法的影响以及定子结构各单节连接边缘处的微气隙的影响。最后，设计的原型机将被构建并集成到测试装置中。样机将根据其运行特性，如扭矩、齿槽扭矩、功率密度和效率进行测试。为了评估在FSPMM中应用晶粒取向材料的优势，将与研究所现有的非晶粒取向电钢板的FSPMM进行比较。该项目的总体目标是证明在使用晶粒取向电钢板时，FSPMM的功率密度和效率的预期提高。

The design of efficient electrical machines with high torque density is a really challenging task. In accordance with the achievement of the given goals for the reduction of greenhouse gases some other goals to reduce the energy consumption could also be met. Therefore, the electrical machine, as an electro-mechanical transducer, plays an important role. Despite the optimization of the geometry of the electromagnetically active parts of the electrical machine towards energy-efficiency, the application of new machine topologies and materials should be considered, which is the main task of this research project. On the basis of some early stage numerical simulation results the application of grain-oriented electrical steel sheets in a new machine concept, the flux switching permanent magnet machine (FSPMM), with a segmented stator structure will be investigated.To evaluate the inherent potential of applying grain-oriented electrical steel sheets, these materials should be characterized in a first step. For the characterization of the material a very specific test set-up has to be developed, which is able to investigate the electromagnetic characteristics as well as the influences of the cutting edges and the joint edges depending on the rolling direction of the steel sheets. Based on the gained results, a decision in view of the cutting and joining method should be made.Next, the machine's operation behaviour will be modeled analytically with a simple magnetiac equivalent circuit (MEC) model, because of the resulting lower computational burden of this method. Despite the modelling of the machine's geometry, the influences of the cutting methods and the segmentation of the stator will be modeled and considered in the MEC.After achieving some preliminary results of the operation behaviour of the machine while using the MEC, the final design for the machine's prototype will be accomplished by applying the Finite-Element analysis. At this stage of the project a decision has to be made, where to use the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet within the active machine parts. Furthermore, the influence of the material cutting methods and the influence of the micro-airgaps at the joint edges of each single segment of the stator structure should be taken into account. Finally, the designed prototype machine will be built-up and integrated in a test-setup.The prototype will be tested according its operation characteristics like torque, cogging torque, power density and efficiency. To evaluate the advantages of applying the grain-oriented material in a FSPMM a comparison with an existing FSPMM with non-grain-oriented electrical steel sheets, which already exists at the institute, will be performed. The overall goal of this project it to prove the expected increase in power density and efficiency of the said FSPMM while using grain-oriented electrical steel sheets.