The Last Supper Traditions of the New Testament in the Ancient Church

古代教会中新约《最后的晚餐》传统

• 批准号: 427267267
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Matthias Klinghardt
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Institut für Evangelische Theologie
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2019-12-31 至 2022-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/427267267?language=en
• 关键词: Last; Supper; Traditions; New; Testament

The project examines the reception of the New Testament Last Supper traditions, particularly of the so called “words of institution”, in the literature of the ancient church from the second up into the fourth century.The guiding heuristic assumption is that the ancient church’s reception of the Last Supper traditions was in no way restricted to references to the Eucharist: not every recourse to these texts is functionally oriented towards meal theology or the ritual of the Eucharist. Besides “eucharistic” uses, we find countless other thematic complexes that make use of the Last Supper traditions and to which these texts are adapted in different ways, e. g. ecclesiological and Christological discourses, ethical and parenetic contexts, antiheretical or apologetical debates, and many others. In numerous sources, the “eucharistic” backdrop has been presupposed either without sufficient reasoning or in an undifferentiated manner. This has obstructed our view of the diverse semantic potentials that is constitutive of the reception of the Last Supper tradition in the ancient church. Hence, the objective of this project is to lay open the diversity of the reception and to chart it systematically. Against this backdrop, the project intends to write a history of the development of the semantic potential of the Last Supper traditions in the ancient church especially regarding their relation to the ritual of the Eucharist. The project design, therefore, has two aspects:(1) The research data is “mined” via digital text corpora and by using a purely lexical heuristic approach that can access the source material in a broad yet precise way. As a tool for collecting and systematically organizing the sources, the project uses a digital database that allows for the efficient evaluation and processing of the data in a recursive back and forth between data collection and theory development. The research database will be available for subsequent use.(2) The project’s centerpiece is a history of reception study on the semantic potentials of the Last Supper traditions in the ancient church that is building upon the broad collection of research data described under (1). This study aims at a comprehensive understanding of the various semantic potentials and their formation by correlating them with different discourses in the ancient church and systematizing them. Being much broader than questions of dogmatic or ritual history, the reception is expected to cover thematic fields that have not yet been recognized in their plurality and depth. From a synthetic perspective, the study poses, thus, the question of the theological place of the Last Supper tradition between the 2nd and 4th centuries—i.e. before the formation of the liturgies of Late antiquity—and so tries to overcome a central desideratum between New Testament and Late ancient meal theology.

该项目审查了新约最后的晚餐传统，特别是所谓的“机构的话”，在古代教会的文学从第二世纪到第四世纪的接受。引导性的启发式假设是，古代教会接受最后的晚餐传统绝不局限于引用圣餐：并不是每一个对这些文本的求助在功能上是面向餐饮神学或圣餐仪式的。除了“圣餐”的用法之外，我们还发现了无数其他主题情结，它们利用了最后的晚餐传统，这些文本以不同的方式进行了调整，例如，教会和基督论的论述，伦理和教宗背景，反异端或道歉的辩论，以及许多其他的。在许多资料来源中，“圣餐”的背景要么是在没有充分理由的情况下预先假定的，要么是以一种没有区别的方式预先假定的。这阻碍了我们对构成古代教会接受最后的晚餐传统的不同语义潜力的看法。因此，这个项目的目标是展示接待的多样性，并将其系统地绘制出来。在此背景下，该项目打算写一部古代教会中最后的晚餐传统的语义潜力的发展历史，特别是关于它们与圣餐仪式的关系。因此，该项目的设计有两个方面：(1)通过数字文本语料库和纯粹的词汇启发式方法来“挖掘”研究数据，这种方法可以广泛而准确地获取原始材料。作为收集和系统组织资料来源的工具，该项目使用了一个数字数据库，以便在数据收集和理论发展之间来回递归地对数据进行有效的评估和处理。研究数据库将可供后续使用。(2)该项目的核心是关于古代教会中最后的晚餐传统的语义潜力的接受研究的历史，这是建立在(1)所述的广泛研究数据的基础上的。本研究旨在通过将各种语义潜势与古代教堂中的不同语篇联系起来，并将其系统化，从而全面了解各种语义潜势及其形成。与教条或仪式历史问题相比，招待会的范围要广泛得多，预计将涵盖尚未在其多元性和深度方面得到承认的主题领域。因此，从综合的角度来看，这项研究提出了最后的晚餐传统在2世纪和4世纪之间的神学地位的问题-即在晚期古代礼仪形成之前-因此试图克服新约和晚期古代膳食神学之间的一个中心愿望。