A Media-Based Comparison of Fragment Migration: Photographs in Periodicals and Books in the Twentieth Century

基于媒体的碎片迁移比较：20世纪期刊和书籍中的照片

• 批准号: 428444174
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Jens Ruchatz
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Institut für Medienwissenschaft
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Units
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2018-12-31 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/428444174?language=en
• 关键词: Media; Based; Comparison; Fragment; Migration

Following on directly from the phase-one project on "Constellations of Fragments", the present project on fragment migration sets out from the premise that cultural photographic practices presuppose the photographic image as a fragment that has to be aesthetically, contextually, and media-specifically supplemented and formed into a unity. The project is not only concerned with the question of how journals create meaningful constellations of photographs, but also asks how such practices differ from those applied to books. Journals and books accordingly function as alternative presentation contexts that incorporate this new image form via photomechanical reproduction, in order to create constellations between individual photographs and other photographsor between photographs and other image forms or written texts. On the basis of photographs published contemporaneously in journals and books, i.e. photos that "migrate" between these media, we shall examine these different media-specific processes of constellation creation. These different ways of utilising images mark the media-specific difference between journals and books and thereby contribute to the formation of the journal’s media identity. Here the project does not consider media and media formats as already given but rather as continually and performatively produced. Journal mediality therefore has a history that it acquires through its relations to other media, such as the internally oriented defragmenting operations applied to photography, which differ from book-based modes of incorporating photographs. Specifically, the project considers the intersections between the use of photographs in illustrated fashion, lifestyle and sports magazines and their publication in books. Here it is expected that differences will be observed in the ways in which journals and books exhibit characteristics such as unity, coherence, permanence, and quality, and that the re-use of photographs will be seen to initiate processes of canonisation that contrast with the logic of ongoing usage associated with the journal. In some cases, the project will also consider the photographic exhibition as a mediator between the journal and the book. With regard to its transience, the exhibition displays similarities to the journal, while in accentuating quality it paves the way for the book. Strategies for the construction of media difference will be researched on the basis of a corpus of English, French, and German-language publications. We shall begin with the gradual emergence of photo books assembled from periodical images around 1920, before turning to the crisis of illustrated magazines in the 1970s, and the reformatting of mediality and media difference at the hands of digitalisation in the 1980s.

在第一阶段项目“碎片群”的直接后续工作中，目前关于碎片迁移的项目从这样一个前提出发，即文化摄影实践假定摄影图像是一个碎片，必须在美学、语境和媒体方面得到补充并形成一个整体。该项目不仅关注期刊如何创建有意义的照片星座的问题，而且还询问这种做法与应用于书籍的做法有何不同。因此，期刊和书籍作为替代的呈现环境，通过照相制版复制来结合这种新的图像形式，以便在单个照片和其他照片之间或在照片和其他图像形式或书面文本之间创建星座。基于同时发表在期刊和书籍上的照片，即在这些媒体之间“迁移”的照片，我们将研究这些不同的媒体特定的星座创建过程。这些不同的图像运用方式，标志着期刊与图书的媒介差异，从而促成了期刊媒介身份的形成。在这里，该项目不认为媒体和媒体格式已经给定，而是作为持续和表演生产。因此，期刊媒介性有一段历史，它通过与其他媒介的关系获得，例如应用于摄影的内部定向碎片整理操作，这与基于书籍的照片合并模式不同。具体而言，该项目考虑了插图时尚，生活方式和体育杂志及其在书籍中的出版物之间的交叉点。在这里，预计将观察到不同的方式，其中期刊和书籍表现出的特点，如统一性，连贯性，持久性和质量，以及照片的重复使用将被视为发起的册封过程，与正在进行的使用与日志相关的逻辑形成对比。在某些情况下，该项目还将考虑摄影展作为期刊和书籍之间的调解人。关于它的短暂性，展览展示了与杂志的相似之处，而在强调质量方面，它为书铺平了道路。本文将以英语、法语和德语出版物为语料库，研究构建媒体差异的策略。我们将开始讨论1920年左右由期刊图像组装而成的照片书的逐渐出现，然后转向20世纪70年代的插图杂志危机，以及20世纪80年代数字化对媒介性和媒体差异的重新格式化。