Behavior-Genetical, Physio-Biochemical, and Ecological Study on the Genesis of Individual Differences in Behavior.

这个项目的目的是确定个体行为差异的原因和过程。利用近交系大鼠和小鼠进行了行为遗传学、生理生化和生态学研究。在3种新环境下(旷野、跑道和I-迷宫)对大鼠的THE和TLE、F344/DuCrj、Donryu/Hos、Long-Evans、Spraogue-Dawley/CRJ、Wistar/CRJ和Wistar-Imamichi/Iar品系进行了测试。在三种情况下都发现了明显的菌株差异。在连续10天的跑道试验中，使用了TTH和TLE、F344/DuCrj、Long-Evans和Wistar-Imamichi/Iar品系的大鼠。对行走成绩进行主成分分析，提取出“活动性”和“情绪性”成分。两个品系的大鼠(Wistar-Imamichi和F344)和两个品系的小鼠(BALB/c和C57BL/6)在有或没有遮蔽物的情况下进行了露天试验。虽然避难所的存在使大鼠不活跃，但小鼠在进入避难所时倾向于犹豫。TLE、Wistar-Imamich和Long-Evans品系的老鼠被放置在野外围栏中，在食物受限的条件下允许自由繁殖。缺乏食物使老鼠在观察者的造访中跑到洞穴里来。我们还发现，饥饿的大鼠爬上了铁丝网墙。在实验室和野外条件下，对Wistar-Imanichi品系大鼠的觅食行为进行了研究。食物的大小和巢距食物的距离都对觅食行为有影响。

The object of this project is to determine the causes and the processes of the genesis of individual differences in behavior. Behavior-genetical, physiobiochemical, and ecological studies were performed by using of inbred strains of rats and mice.1. The THE and TLE (Tsukuba Emotional Strains), F344/DuCrj, Donryu/Hos, Long-Evans, Sprague-Dawley/Crj, Wistar/Crj and Wistar-Imamichi/Iar strains of rats were tested in three types of novel situation (the open-field, the Runway,and I-maze). The clear-cut strain differences were found throughout three types of situation.2. The THE and TLE, F344/DuCrj, Long-Evans, and Wistar-Imamichi/Iar strains of rats were employed in ten consecutive days of the Runway test. A principal component analysis of ambulation scores abstracted "activity" and "emotionality" component.3. Two strains of rats (Wistar-Imamichi and F344) and two stains of mice (BALB/c and C57BL/6) were tested in the open-field with or without shelter. Although the presence of the shelter makes rats inactive, mice were inclined to hesitate to enter the shelter.4. The THE, TLE, Wistar-Imamich, and Long-Evans strains of rats were placed in the field enclosure under food-restricted condition to allow free breeding. The lack of food made rats come out to the burrows on a visit of an observer. We also found that hungry rats climbed the wire-meshed wall.5. The foraging behavior of Wistar-Imanichi strains of rats was investigated under laboratory and field conditions. Both the size of food and the distance between the nest and the food-place were effective on the foraging behavior.