On the Concept of Travelling and Changing World Vision in French Literature-Data Base and Studies on Works

无论现在旅行变得多么容易，阅读来自这些经历的文件和文献对我们来说仍然是有趣的。由于一部文学作品包含了它所诞生的时代以及作者最初的旅行和写作方式的一些历史、社会和文化含义，因此，对庞大的旅行文学语料库进行分类是有益的。然而，这类文献不仅包括旅游书籍，还包括历史文献或人类学文献。Cyrano de Bergerac在17世纪写了一个关于月球航行的故事：科幻小说也可以被检验。更重要的是，这次旅行意味着骑士的“旅行”，牧师的“朝圣”，中世纪工匠和学生的“训练”；所有这些旅行都有一个共同的目标，那就是获得智慧和发展个性。Telemaque的《Fenelon历险记》以一种虚构的形式实现了这种教育目的。在爱情故事中，情侣们也经常在旅途中相遇或分离。面对如此繁多的作品，我们想知道是否有可能对所有这些作品进行分类。受18世纪自然史启发的旅行图书馆陷入了僵局，最近对勒甫尔的研究只取得了肤浅的分类。即使承认新的分类标准的重要性，如果没有严格的语言学理解，我们也无法理解不断变化的世界观。所以我们回到了特定的文学作品，而不是粗糙、抽象的分类。因此，我们以一种全球思维对具体案例进行了细致的考察，实现了对纳瓦尔的两次东方之旅、恩米肖和莱里斯与非西方世界的相遇以及法国诗人邦尼福伊对内心世界的探索的研究。

However easy the traveling may have become nowadays, it is still interesting for us to read documents and literature coming from such experiences. As a literary work contains some historical, social and cultural implications of the age when it was born and of its author's original way of traveling and writing, a survey would be useful to classify the huge corpus of the literature dealing with travel. However this kind of literature includes not only travel books but also historical documents or anthropological ones. Cyrano de Bergerac wrote in XVIIth century a story of the voyage to the Moon : the scientific fiction may also be examined. More over, the travel implies a "journey" for knights, a "pilgrimage" for churchmen, "training" for craftsmen and students of the Middle Age ; all these travels share in common the goal of acquiring wisdom and developping one's personality. Telemaque's adventures of Fenelon actualizes such educational purpose in a fictional form. In love stories too, lovers often meet or separate on a journey. Faced with such variety, we wonder about the possibility of classifying all these works. Travel library, inspired by XVIIIth century natural history, came into an impasse and the recent study of Lefevure attains only a superficial classification. Even while admitting the importance of a new grouping criterion, we cannot understand the changing vision of the world without strict philological comprehension. So we have come back to particular literary pieces rather than rough, abstract categories. Therefore we have carried out with a global mind careful examinations of particular cases, realizing studies on Nerval's two voyages to the Orient, en Michaux's and Leiris' encounter with the non-occidental world and on the search an inner world accomplished by French poet Bonnefoy.