Molecular Taxonomic Study of Microcystis (Cyanophyceae) Based on Allozyme Divergence.

基于同种酶分歧的微囊藻（蓝藻）分子分类学研究。

• 批准号: 01480019
• 负责人: WATANABE Masayuki
• 金额: $ 4.35万
• 依托单位: National Science Museum
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 1989
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1989 至 1990
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-01480019/
• 关键词: Allozyme divergence; Molecular taxonomy; Cyanophytes; Cyanobacteria; Microcystis; Microcystin; Morphology; <Microcystis>___ー属ラン藻; Microcyctis属ラン藻

As a part of molecular taxonomic revision of the bloom-forming blue-green alga Microcystis, allozyme divergence of the Japanese strains of Microcystis were studied with special reference to their morphology and toxicity. We analyzed (1) allozyme genotype at four enzyme loci, IDH, 6PGD, PGI and PGM, (2) average cell size and characteristics of colony morphology and (3) toxin composition of three microcystins (-RR, -YR, -LR), using a total of 78 strains collected from twenty-three lakes, ponds and reservoirs. As a result of statistical analyses of allozyme genotype, it was elucidated that the genus Microcystis consists of at least five taxonomic entities listed below. Morphological and biochemical attributes of the five taxonomic entities are summarized as follows.(1) M. aeruginosa S1-type : cell size small, colony not characteristic, untoxic.(2) M. aeruginosa S2-type : cell size small, colony not characteristic, toxic.(3) M. aeruginosa L-type : cell size large, clathrate colony, highly toxic.(4) M. viridis : cell size large, cubic colony, toxic.(5) M. wesenbergil : cell size large, pouched colony, nontoxic.These achievements will provide a new taxonomic system and identification method (including forecast of toxicity) of the genus Microcystis.

作为水华形成蓝藻微囊藻分子分类修订的一部分，对日本微囊藻的等位酶差异进行了研究，特别是对其形态和毒性进行了研究。对采自23个湖泊、池塘和水库的78株微囊藻毒素(-RR、-YR、-LR)进行了IDH、6PGD、PGI和PGM四个酶座位的等位酶基因分型，(2)平均细胞大小和菌落形态特征分析，(3)三种微囊藻毒素(-RR、-YR、-LR)的毒素组成分析。根据等位酶基因的统计分析，微囊藻属至少由以下5个分类实体组成。这五个分类实体的形态和生化属性概括如下。(1)铜绿假单胞菌S1型：细胞大小，菌落不具特征，无毒。(2)铜绿假单胞菌S2型：细胞大，菌落不具特征，有毒。(3)L型：细胞大，笼状菌落，剧毒。(4)绿色微囊藻：细胞大，立方菌落，有毒。(5)韦森伯吉尔微囊藻：细胞大，菌落无特征，无毒。这些成果将为微囊藻属提供一种新的分类体系和鉴定方法(包括毒性预测)。

项目成果

Harada,K.ーI.: "Structural determination of geometrical isomers of microcystins LR and RR from cyanobacteria by twoーdimensional NMR spectroscopic tecniques." Chem.Res.Toxicol.5. 473-481 (1990)

Harada, K.-I.：“通过二维 NMR 光谱技术测定蓝藻中微囊藻毒素 LR 和 RR 的几何异构体。”Chem.Res.Toxicol.5 (1990)。

Harada,K.ーI.: "Isolation and characterization of the minor components associated with microcystins LR and RR in the cyanobacterium (blueーgreen algae)." Toxicon. 28. 55-64 (1990)

Harada, K.-I.：“蓝藻（蓝绿藻）中与微囊藻毒素 LR 和 RR 相关的微量成分的分离和表征。”28. 55-64 (1990)。

加藤 辰己: "奥多摩湖産ミクロキスティス属藍藻の酵素多型と毒素組成(1)" 国立科学博物館研究報告B類(植物学).

加藤辰巳：“奥多摩湖微囊藻蓝藻的酶多态性和毒素组成（1）”国立自然科学博物馆研究报告B级（植物学）。

Kato,T.: "Genetic lineage of the Japanese strains of <Microcystis>___ー(Cyanophyceae)"

Kato, T.：“<微囊藻>日本菌株的遗传谱系___（蓝藻纲）”

加藤 辰己: "奥多摩湖産Microcystis属藍藻の酵素多型と毒素組成(1)" 国立科学博物館研究報告. 17. 1-4 (1991)

加藤辰巳：“奥多摩湖微囊藻属蓝藻的酶多态性和毒素组成(1)”国立自然科学博物馆研究报告书17. 1-4 (1991)。