Life span development study on spatial perspective-taking with response time as an index

空间透视是虚拟人体在三维空间中运动的一种形式。设计了一项新的任务，将其与其他信息处理分开测量，并评估了虚拟身体运动的生命周期发展。参与者是儿童、大学生和老年人，他们被要求从前面开始接受8分，然后每45度接受一次。参与者与观察点之间的距离与平均反应时间之间的关系的回归线的梯度不随年龄而变化。此外，反映虚拟身体动作不足的反向错误率在总错误量中所占的比例在少年儿童和大学生中居高不下。这些结果表明，老年人保留了虚拟身体运动能力。这一发现与认为空间视角能力在晚年会下降的传统观点相矛盾。这些发现的意义从影像和脑研究的角度进行了讨论。

Spatial perspective-taking is a form of virtual-body movement in three-dimensional space. A new task for measuring this separately from other information-processing was devised and the life span development of virtual-body movement was evaluated. Participants were children, university students and elderly people who were asked to take-in the perspectives of eight points starting from their front, and subsequently at every 45 degrees. The gradient of the regression line of the relationship between the distance from the participants to the points for which perspectives were to be taken, and the average response time, did not differ with the age. Furthermore, the percentage of the reverse error ratio, which shows the inadequateness of virtual-body movement, to the total number of errors, was high in the order of children>university students>elderly. These results indicate that virtual-body movement ability is retained in the elderly. This finding contradicts the conventional wisdom that spatial perspective-taking ability declines in late life. The significance of these findings is discussed with reference to imaging and brain research.