Towards a Transnational Theory of Justice for the EU:A Non-domination Approach

该项目的目的是发展一种新的理论，可以提供规范性标准，制定公共政策在欧盟的水平。本文的论点是，允许欧盟公民社会和政治统治的欧盟政策是错误的，因为它们干扰了基本自由的有力行使，基本自由被定义为一个人能够作为自治代理人行事所需的一系列根深蒂固的自由。这一方法的前提是，要有尊严地对待人，就必须尊重和支持他们作为代理人行事的能力。当且仅当一项政策的实施导致每一个欧盟公民对社会和政治权力对他们行使的方式拥有有效控制时，该政策才符合这一规范性标准。当欧盟的政策没有提供充分的跨国社会和政治权利时，它就损害了欧盟公民行使这种有效控制的能力。采用这种方法有几个好处：首先，它可以解释技术官僚机构的错误，这些机构限制公民为了改善其经济福祉而对政策进行有效控制。其次，它有助于强调这样一个事实，即增加一些欧盟公民享有的选择范围与剥夺其他人对其基本自由的有效控制是相容的。第三，它将社会和政治统治视为一种错误的保护，在所有欧盟公民的许多情况下，这种保护都应该是强大的，而不是以成员国是否从遵守这些保障措施中获益为条件。

The aim of the project is to develop a novel theory that can offer normative criteria for devising public policies at the level of the EU. The thesis is that EU policies that allow for the social and political domination of EU citizens are wrong because they interfere with the robust exercise of basic liberties, defined as the bundle of entrenched freedoms required for one to be able to act as an autonomous agent. This approach is based on the premise that treating people with dignity requires respecting and supporting their capacity to act as agents. A policy meets this normative criterion if and only if its implementation results in every EU citizen having effective control over the way in which social and political power is exercised over them. When EU policy provides inadequate transnational access to social and political rights it jeopardises EU citizens’ ability to exercise such effective control. Adopting this approach has several advantages: first, it can explain what is wrong with technocratic institutions that restrict citizens’ effective control over policies for the sake of improving their economic well-being. Second, it helps to highlight the fact that increasing the range of options that some EU citizens enjoy is compatible with depriving others with effective control over their basic liberties. Third, it treats social and political domination as a wrong protection from which should be robust across a number of scenarios for all EU citizens rather than conditional on whether a member-state profits from observing such safeguards.