Studies on the pathogenesis of periodontal disease from the viewpoint of local immunity

宿主对牙周细菌的免疫应答动力学不仅可以从对这些病原体的特异性粘膜保护的角度提供信息，而且可以揭示粘膜免疫应答提供宿主保护的能力。为此，我们已经检查了免疫应答的层析纯化的菌毛的牙龈卟啉单胞菌口服或全身与脂质体和佐剂在BALB/c小鼠，这种抗原的高应答者。口服给药的牙龈卟啉单胞菌菌毛明显增强菌毛特异性唾液伊加反应。ELISPOT分析显示，菌毛特异性伊加SFC的显着数量被认为是固有层和肠系膜淋巴结，但不是在Peyees补丁的口服免疫的水稻。相反，抗原特异性IgM和IgG SFC主要见于循环血单核细胞。另一方面，皮下注射GM-53菌毛也提高了菌毛特异性IgG，随后是血清中的IgM和伊加反应，以及唾液中的伊加和IgG反应。口服免疫的血清抗体应答低于皮下注射。然而，皮下注射的侄女的唾液抗体水平与口服免疫的小鼠相似。在皮下免疫的小鼠中，通过ELISPOT分析，在脾脏、血液和臂淋巴结中检测到菌毛特异性SFC。菌毛特异性IgM SFC出现较早，抗原特异性IgG SFC出现较晚。这些结果表明，菌毛与佐剂的组合使用导致唾液中IgA应答和血清中IgG应答的急剧增加。总之，清楚的是，血清和粘膜分泌物中宿主的抗体应答的性质是不同的，并且取决于抗原施用的途径、佐剂和/或脂质体的使用以及各种免疫方案后体液免疫应答的时间阶段。

The dynamics of tlie host immune response to periodontal bacteria not only may be informative from the standpoint of specific mucosal protection to these pathogens, but also may reveal the capacity of the mucosal immune response to provide protection of the host. To this end, we have examined the immune response to chromatographically purified fimbriae of P. gingivalis administered orally or systemically with liposomes and adjuvant in BALB/c mice, high responders to this antigen.Oral administration of P. giizgivalis fimbriae clearly enhanced the fimbriae-specific salivary IgA response. ELISPOT analysis revealed that significant numbers of fimbriae-specific IgA SFC were seen in lamina propria and mesenteric lymph nodes but not in Peyees patches of rice immunized orally. In contrast, antigen-specific IgM and IgG SFC were seen mainly in the circulating blood mononuclear cells. On the other hand, subcutaneous injection of fimbriae with GM-53 also raised the fimbriae-specific IgG followed by IgM and IgA responses in serum, and both IgA and IgG responses in saliva. Oral immunization was less effective than subcutaneous injection in terms of tlie serum antibody response. However, the salivary antibody level of niece injected subcutwieously was similar to that of mice immunized orally. In the subcutaneously immunized mice, fimbriae-specific SFC were detected in the spleen, blood, and brachial lymph nodes by ELISPOT assay. Fimbriae-specific IgM SFC appeared earlier and antigen-specific IgG SFC were seen later. These results show that the combined use of fimbriae together with the adjuvant results in sharply increased IgA responses in saliva wid IgG responses in serum. In summary, it is clear that the nature of tlie host's antibody response in serum and mucosal secretions are distinct, and depend on tlie route of antigen administration, the use of adjuvant and/or liposomes, and the temporal phase of the humoral inunune response following vwious immunization regimes.