Development of Survey Methods for Human Tavel-Activity Analysis

为了准确预测出行需求，有必要明确人类出行活动日程的决策结构。本研究探讨了影响人类活动的因素，并开发了人类出行活动分析的调查方法。首先，研究了通过深度访谈了解人类出行活动调度行为的调查方法。在该方法中，访谈者询问受访者在特定日期对出行活动日程的预先安排和执行情况，从而明确他们进行活动的原因。其次，采用活动日记的调查方法来了解人类的出行活动安排行为。人类的活动时间表不仅是预先安排好的，而且还被迫被意外地改变。因此，为了明确人们是否按照最理想的日程安排进行活动，对特定日期出行活动日程的预先安排和执行情况进行了调查。分析结果表明，四周前特定日期预先安排的日程与一周前特定日期的日程安排差异不大。然后，可以在一个月前按天推测出对日程安排具有重要作用的关键活动。另外，4周之前预先安排的活动一般是约束重点活动，而一周之前安排的自由活动很少。

It is necessary to clarify the structure of decision making of human travel-activity schedule in order to forecast travel demand accurately. This study investigates the factors which affect human activities, and develops survey methods for human travel-activity analysis.Firstly, the survey method with the in-depth interview to understand human travel-activity scheduling behavior is investigated. In this method, the interviewer asks respondents about their prearrangement and implementation of travel-activity schedule on the specific day, so that the reason why they have performed their activities is clarified.Secondly, the survey method with the activity diary to understand human travel-activity scheduling behavior is investigated. Human activity schedules are not only arranged beforehand, but also forced to be altered unexpectedly. Therefore, in order to clarify whether people behave their activities according to the most desirable schedule, the survey method, by which both of prearrangement and implementation of travel-activity schedule on the specific day is obtained, is investigated.The results of analysis show that there is little difference between the schedule prearranged before four weeks by the specific day and that before one week by the day. Then, the key activities which have the important role of determining schedule, are able to -be presumed before one month by the day. Furthermore, the activities prearranged before four weeks are generally the constraint key activities, while few activities scheduled freely are arranged before one week by the day.