Nanostructured Core-Shell-Catalysts for Controlling the Product Distribution in Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis

用于控制费托合成中产物分布的纳米结构核壳催化剂

• 批准号: 430066230
• 负责人: Professor Dr.-Ing. Robert Güttel
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Institut für Chemieingenieurwesen
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 资助国家: 德国
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/430066230?language=en
• 关键词: Nanostructured; Core; Shell; Catalysts; Controlling

The conversion of syngas over cobalt catalysts via the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis (FTS) supplies a wide range of hydrocarbons of different chain lengths, which requires an additional processing step. Especially for small-scale, decentralized FT production plants for the use of alternative carbon sources (e.g. biomass or remote natural gas sources) the combination of the FTS with a hydroprocessing step in one reaction apparatus is interesting in order to reduce the complexity of the process. Nanostructured, bi-functional catalysts have particular potential for this application because they can be used variably in different reactor geometries and can also be produced in a controlled manner with regard to their properties. Such materials consist of co-nanoparticles that are finely distributed in a zeolitic matrix. While Co catalyzes the formation of hydrocarbon chains, zeolites with acidic sites serve to crack long chains (FT product processing, FTPA). The core-shell arrangement (cobalt core, zeolite shell) ensures that the zeolite is on the transport pathway of the hydrocarbons formed and that the original product range of the FTS can be shifted to short-chain products that can be used as liquid fuels, for example.The basic principle of these bi-functional, nanostructured catalysts has already been successfully demonstrated, both in terms of material synthesis and catalytic properties. However, the control of the product spectrum obtained requires detailed and quantitatively reliable knowledge on the interaction of kinetic and transport processes in the zeolitic matrix. Against this background, the project aims to investigate the influence of 1. the sieving effect on the transport of large product molecules through the microporous zeolite matrix, 2. the ratio of FT product formation rate and conversion rate in FTPA, and 3. additional mesopores in the microporous zeolite matrix. These objectives are to be achieved by systematically varying the properties of the zeolite matrix and correlating them with the catalytic results. The basis is the innovative synthesis strategy developed in preliminary work, in which the nanostructured target materials are built up by a stepwise synthesis of the cobalt core and modification of the shell. This allows a maximum degree of controllability of the properties of the target materials, such as the porosity and acidity of the zeolite matrix. In addition, the catalytic properties of the cobalt cores are highly comparable, as their production method remains unchanged.

通过费托合成（FTS）在钴催化剂上转化合成气提供了各种不同链长的烃，这需要额外的加工步骤。特别是对于使用替代碳源（例如生物质或偏远天然气源）的小规模、分散的FT生产装置，FTS与加氢处理步骤在一个反应装置中的组合是令人感兴趣的，以降低该方法的复杂性。纳米结构的双功能催化剂对于该应用具有特别的潜力，因为它们可以在不同的反应器几何形状中连续使用，并且还可以以关于它们的性质的受控方式生产。这种材料由精细分布在沸石基质中的共纳米颗粒组成。虽然Co催化烃链的形成，但具有酸性位点的沸石用于裂解长链（FT产物加工，FTPA）。这种核-壳结构（钴核，沸石壳）确保了沸石位于生成的碳氢化合物的运输路径上，并且FTS的原始产品范围可以转移到可用作液体燃料的短链产品。这些双功能纳米结构催化剂的基本原理已经在材料合成和催化性能方面得到了成功的证明。然而，获得的产品光谱的控制需要详细的和定量可靠的知识，在沸石基质中的动力学和运输过程的相互作用。在此背景下，该项目旨在调查1.筛分对大产物分子通过微孔沸石基质的输送的影响，2. FTPA中FT产物生成率与转化率之比;微孔沸石基质中的另外的中孔。这些目标是通过系统地改变沸石基质的性质并将其与催化结果相关联来实现的。其基础是在前期工作中开发的创新合成策略，其中通过逐步合成钴核和修改壳来构建纳米结构的靶材料。这允许最大程度地控制目标材料的性质，例如沸石基质的孔隙率和酸度。此外，钴核的催化性能具有高度可比性，因为它们的生产方法保持不变。