Signal transduction in induction of bio-defense and pathogen-reception in plants infected with fangi

感染 fangi 的植物中诱导生物防御和病原体接收的信号转导

• 批准号: 02454051
• 负责人: DOKE Noriyuki
• 金额: $ 3.78万
• 依托单位: Nagoya University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 1990
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1990 至 1992
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-02454051/
• 关键词: plant pathogenic fungus; plant bio-defense; siganal transduction; infection response; elicitor; pathogenicity determinants; suppressor; superoxide generation; Phytophthora属菌; エリシタ-; サプレッサ-; Alternaria属菌; 情報伝達機構; 過敏感細胞反応の誘導; 宿主選択的毒素の作用機構; <P

Signal transduction in response of plant cells to fungal infection and its elicitor and regulatory aspects of the signal transduction by host-selective pathogenicity-determinants in relation to pathogen-reception were determined and discussed. Potato tuber tissues hypersensitively reacted to infection with an incompatible race of Phytophthora infestans and its hyphal wall components (HWC) with a transient enhancement of a superoxide-generating system (SOX), phospholipase A_2, lipoxygenase and lipid-peroxidation in association with following production of phytoalexin. G-protein, Ca^<++>, calmodulin (CaM), Ca^<++>/Cam dependent protein kinase were shown to be involved in the activation of SOX by using inhibitors. The in vitro activation of SOX in plasmamembrane fraction of potato tissues was stimulated by HWC-treatment in the presence of Ca^<++>, ATP and soluble protein fraction. Suspension cultured cells of several Slanaceous plants responsed to HWC, showing an immediate movement of Ca^ … More <++> from membrane and activation of superoxide generation l min later. Ca^<++> chelator and channel-blocker suppressed the occurrence of these HWC-stimulated phenomena in the cells. A water soluble glucan (WSG) isoalted from Phytophthora mycelia or germination fluid also suppressed the occurrence of HWC-stimulated Ca^<++> relaese and SOX-activation in susceptible, but not resistant, host cells. The role of WSG was enphasized as a host-selective factor to suppress the signal transduction for the active response of plant cells to elicitor or infection. Modes of action of host-selective toxins, AF-and AL-toxins from Alternaria alternata strawberry and tomato pathotypes, respectively, were investigated. Af-toxin acted on a putative receptor on plasamamembrane of the susceptible clones, inducing pathogen-reception. AL-toxin was proposed to acte against phosphoethanolamine transferase of the susceptible tomato cultivas, causing a membrane dissociation by a inhibition of phosphatidylethanolamine synthesis. A host selective toxin isolated Bipolaris zeicola race 3, BZR toxin was characterized by 4 co-toxins which were synergistically active as susceptibility-inducer in the fungal hosts. Less

本文对植物细胞响应真菌侵染的信号转导及其激发子和寄主选择性致病性决定因子对信号转导的调节作用进行了研究和讨论。马铃薯块茎组织对致病疫霉（Phytophthora infestans）不亲和小种及其菌丝壁组分（HWC）的侵染表现出超氧化物生成系统（SOX）、磷脂酶A_2、脂氧合酶和脂质过氧化反应的瞬时增强，并伴随着植物抗毒素的产生。G蛋白、Ca^++、钙调蛋白（CaM）、Ca^++/CaM依赖性蛋白激酶参与SOX的激活。在Ca^++、ATP和可溶性蛋白组分存在下，HWC处理促进马铃薯组织质膜组分中SOX的体外活化。几种唇形科植物的悬浮培养细胞对HWC有反应，表现出Ca ~（2+）的迅速移动。 ...更多信息 <++>从膜上脱落，1分钟后激活超氧化物的产生。Ca^++螯合剂和通道阻断剂抑制了细胞中这些HWC刺激现象的发生。从疫霉菌丝体或萌发液中分离的水溶性葡聚糖（WSG）也抑制了HWC刺激的敏感宿主细胞中Ca^++释放和SOX激活的发生，但不抑制抗性宿主细胞。WSG作为一种寄主选择因子，抑制植物细胞对诱导子或侵染的主动应答信号转导。研究了互隔交链孢菌（Alternaria alternata）草莓和番茄致病型的寄主选择性毒素AF和AL的作用方式。Af毒素作用于感病无性系质膜上的一个假定受体，诱导病原体的接收。AL-毒素可抑制敏感番茄的磷酸乙醇胺转移酶，通过抑制磷脂酰乙醇胺的合成而引起膜的解离。玉米小斑病菌3号生理小种BZR毒素是一种具有寄主选择性的毒素，它由4种共毒素组成。少

项目成果

Sanchez, L.M.: "Host selective suppression by water-soluble glucans from Phytophthora spp. on hypersensitive cell death of suspension- cultured cells from some solanaceous plants caused by hyphal wall elicitors of the fungi." Ann. Phytopath. soc. Japan. 5

Sanchez, L.M.：“来自疫霉属的水溶性葡聚糖对某些茄科植物悬浮培养细胞由真菌菌丝壁激发子引起的过敏性细胞死亡的选择性抑制。”

Xiao,J.-Z.: "Further evaluation of the significance of BZR-Toxin produced by Bipolaris zeicola race 3 in pathogenesis on rice and maize plants." Physiol.Mol.Plant Pathol.40. 359-370 (1992)

肖，J.-Z.：“进一步评估塞科拉双极菌 3 号小种产生的 BZR 毒素在水稻和玉米植物发病机制中的意义。”

Sanchez,L.M.: "Involvement of suppressor-glucans and plant epidermal cells in host selective pathogenesis of Phytophthor capsici" J.Phytopathol.(1993)

Sanchez,L.M.：“抑制葡聚糖和植物表皮细胞参与辣椒疫霉宿主选择性发病机制”J.Phytopathol.(1993)

Doke,Noriyuki: "Hypersensitive reaction and itssignificance in signal transduction for plant active defense" Recent Advance in Physiological Plant Pathology, Eds, H. Oku et al.84-96 (1991)

Doke，Noriyuki：“过敏反应及其在植物主动防御信号转导中的意义”生理植物病理学最新进展，Eds，H. Oku 等人 84-96 (1991)

Orolaza,N.: "Inhibitory effect of AL-toxin produced by Alternaria alternata tomato pathotype on the biosynthesis of phosphatidylethanolamine in tomato leaves susceptible to the fungus." Ann.Phytopathol.Soc.Japan. 58. (1992)

Orolaza,N.：“Alternaria alternata 番茄致病型产生的 AL 毒素对易受该真菌影响的番茄叶片中磷脂酰乙醇胺生物合成的抑制作用。”