ENHANCEMENTS OF DISEASE RESISTANCE AND PRODUCTIVITY IN POTATO PLANTS BY INDUCTION TREATMENT OF PLANT IMMUNIZATION

通过植物免疫诱导处理提高马铃薯植株的抗病性和生产力

• 批准号: 03556007
• 负责人: DOKE Noriyuki
• 金额: $ 9.22万
• 依托单位: NAGOYA UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Developmental Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 1991
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1991 至 1993
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-03556007/
• 关键词: Plant immunization; Potato plants; Systemic induced resistance; Lipid peroxidation; Immunization for potato late blight; Mechanism of induction of plant immunization; Superoxide generating system; Stimulative effect of productivity; 植物免疫誘導剤; 植物免疫

On the basis of plant immunization, that plant systemically acquire the disease resistance against virulent pathogens by treatment of partial portion of the plants with agents causing hypersensitive reaction, we investigated the principle of systemic induced resistance and physiological shifts in potato plants against late blight and their application for practical production of potatoes and got the following results.(1) Efficient induction of systemic resistance was obtained by inoculation of cultivars with R gene with incompatible race O, treatment with every cultivars with fungal wall elicitors, hydrogenperoxide solution containing CaCl_2, and suspensions of arachidonic acid and peroxides derived from linolenic acid on lower leaves of plants or cut surface of seed tubers.(2) The positive effect of immunization treatments appeared especially in the case of short-period culture at moderate temperature as transient enhancement of plant growth, enhanced resistance to late blight and stimulated tuberization and tuber yield.(3) Plant immunization by inoculation with incompatible race or treatment with hyphal wall elicitor immediately stimulated the O2-generating system, followed by phospholypase A2 and Lipoxygenase, suggesting involvement of metabolism of lipid peroxides in systemic signalling.(4) Upon plant immunization treatment, systemic activations of superoxide generation, superoxidedismutase and peroxidase were shown in relation to acquired resistance based on failure of fungal penetration and/or induction of hypersensitive-type cell response.(5) Further researchs on signalling system inundation of plant immunization and development of agents for induction of plant immunization on the basis of them.

在植物免疫的基础上，通过对部分植株进行过敏反应处理，使植株系统获得对致病菌的抗病性，研究了马铃薯晚疫病系统诱导抗病性的原理和生理变化，并在生产上进行了应用。(1)用不亲和小种O接种含R基因的品种，用真菌壁诱导剂、含CaCl_2的过氧化氢溶液、花生四烯酸和亚麻酸过氧化物悬浮液处理植株下部叶片或种薯切面，可有效诱导系统抗性。(2)在中温短周期培养条件下，免疫处理对植株生长有短暂的促进作用，对晚疫病的抗性增强，促进结薯，提高块茎产量。(3)植物免疫接种不兼容的种族或处理与菌丝壁诱导剂立即刺激O2产生系统，然后由磷脂酶A2和脂氧合酶，这表明参与系统信号的脂质过氧化物的代谢。(4)植物免疫处理后，超氧化物生成，超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化物酶的系统激活被证明与获得性抗性的基础上失败的真菌渗透和/或超敏型细胞反应的诱导。(5)进一步研究植物免疫信号系统的淹没，并在此基础上开发植物免疫诱导剂。

项目成果

道家 紀志: "免疫処理による植物病害抵抗性の増強:ジャガイモ疫病" 植物防疫. 45. 101-105 (1991)

Kishi Michie：“通过免疫增强植物抗病性：马铃薯晚疫病”《植物保护》45. 101-105 (1991)。

Kawakita, K.and Doke, N.: "Involvement of GTP-binding protein in signal transduction in potato tubers treated with the fungal elicitor from Phytophthora infestans." Plant Science. (in Press). (1994)

Kawakita, K. 和 Doke, N.：“用来自致病疫霉的真菌激发子处理的马铃薯块茎中 GTP 结合蛋白参与信号转导。”

Doke,N.: "In vitro activation of NADPH-dependnent O_2 systems in a plasmamembrane-rich fraction of potato tuber tissues by treatments with an elicitor from Phytophthora infestans and digitonin." Physiol.Mol.Plant Pathol.(in Press). (1994)

Doke,N.：“通过使用来自致病疫霉的诱导子和洋地黄皂苷处理，在马铃薯块茎组织富含质膜的部分中体外激活 NADPH 依赖性 O_2 系统。”

Sanchez, L.M., Doke, N.and Kawakita, K.: "Elicitor-induced chemiliminescence in cell suspension cultures of tomato, sweet pepper and tobacco plants and its inhibition by suppresors from Phytophthora spp." Plant Science. 88. 141-148 (1993)

Sanchez, L.M.、Doke, N. 和 Kawakita, K.：“番茄、甜椒和烟草植物细胞悬浮培养物中引发剂诱导的化学发光及其受疫霉属抑制物的抑制”。

道家 紀志: "ジャガイモ植物の免疫:その基礎と応用" バイオコントロール研究会レポート. 3. 19-29 (1992)

Kishi Michie：“马铃薯植物的免疫：其基础知识和应用”生物防治研究小组报告（1992 年）3. 19-29。