A Study on Forestry Production and Environmental Policy in the Depopulated Mountainous Areas

人口稀少山区林业生产与环境政策研究

• 批准号: 03451087
• 负责人: KITAGAWA Izumi
• 金额: $ 2.11万
• 依托单位: Shimane University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 1991
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1991 至 1992
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-03451087/
• 关键词: depopulated mountainous area; agricultural and forestry production; environmental conservation; settlement measures; 森林管理; 定住条件; 国土保全; 林業生産; 土地利用

1. In the mountainous areas, we can find many areas that are confronted with the natural declining of population in various patterns. This problem was caused from outflow of youth, aging and depopulation of community. Therefore, many regional societies are faced to the critical phase of collapse, and become not to maintain and manage the regional resources - forest, farm and water -, as a results of the decline of agricultural and forestry production.2. Specially in the mountainous and depopulated areas, forest production activities are very declined in nursery thinning operations. Therefore, the forest functions of environmental conservation, that was maintained by the production operations, becomes not to harmonize with expected forestry functions. Unlike the natural forest, the artificial forest, in the case of to be left behind, would have negative effects on the regional environment.3. In the areas where have relatively active forestry by municipalities, forest cooperatives and fo … More restry contractor, we can know it important to grapple with this problem by means of policy or by the organized power not but individually. As a typical example, D-Forestry Inc. which runs business in the all areas of Chugoku district has very remarkable activity and importance for regional forestry.4. For the expective accordance between the way to utilize resources in mountainous areas and conservation of environment, it is necessary to promote measures which include settlement policy in the areas and raising policy of forestry enterprises or carriers. By the results of various field investigations, they require some kind of effective measures adapting to the mountainous and less-favored area.5. To developpe the areas, to promote the resource utilization system and to increase the functions of forest, it is important to support people's self-effort who live in the mountainous areas, include 1) promotion for the inflow of new comer, 2) new organization of the forestry labor, 3) new utilization of the thinned timber and 4) support for the acquisition of forest by city inhabitant in same basin. Less

1.在山区，我们可以发现许多地区都面临着不同形式的人口自然减少。这一问题是由青年外流、老龄化和社区人口减少造成的。因此，许多区域社会面临崩溃的关键阶段，并成为不维护和管理的区域资源-森林，农场和水-作为农业和林业生产的下降的结果.特别是在山区和人口稀少地区，苗圃间伐作业中的森林生产活动大大减少。因此，森林的环境保护功能，这是由生产业务，成为不协调与预期的林业功能。与天然林不同，人工林在被淘汰的情况下，会对区域环境产生负面影响.在市林业比较活跃的地区，林业合作社和林业合作社， ...更多信息 从承包商的角度来看，我们可以知道通过政策或组织力量而不是个人来解决这个问题的重要性。作为一个典型的例子，D-林业公司。在中国地区的所有地区都有业务，对区域林业具有非常显着的活动和重要性。为使山区资源利用方式与环境保护达到预期的一致，应采取包括山区定居政策和林业企业或载体培育政策在内的促进措施。通过各种实地调查的结果，提出了适合山区和欠发达地区的有效措施.为促进山区经济发展，完善资源利用体系，提高森林功能，必须支持山区居民自力更生，包括：1）促进新移民的流入; 2）林业劳动力的新组织; 3）间伐木材的新利用; 4）支持同流域城市居民的森林收购。少

项目成果

KITAGAWA Izumi: ""The Forest Resource Problems of the Internationalization Age" ( ARIKI Sumiyoshi, Editor ), II-2, The Current States of Depopulated Mountainous Areas and the Forest Plan System" Nippon Ringyo Chosakai, Tokyo. 1-316. 86-98 (1993)

北川泉：“国际化时代的森林资源问题”（ARIKI Sumiyoshi，主编），II-2，人口稀少山区的现状和森林规划系统”，日本林行长坂会，东京。

北川 泉: "国際化時代の森林資源問題(有木純善編著)所収,第2部第2章「過疎山村の現状と森林計画制度)" 日本林業調査会, 316 (1993)

北川泉：《国际化时代的森林资源问题》（有木淳吉主编），第2部第2章“人口减少的山村和森林规划体系的现状”，日本林业研究会，316（1993）