A Study on Forestry Production and Environmental Policy in the Depopulated Mountainous Areas

1.在山区，我们可以看到许多地区面临着不同形式的人口自然下降。这个问题是由于年轻人外流、老龄化和社区人口减少造成的。因此，由于农业和林业生产的下降，许多区域社会面临崩溃的关键阶段，无法维护和管理区域资源--森林、农场和水。特别是在山区和人口稀少的地区，苗圃间伐作业中的森林生产活动非常减少。因此，由生产经营维持的森林环境保护功能与预期的林业功能不相协调。与天然林不同，人工林在被遗弃的情况下，会对区域环境产生负面影响。在林业相对活跃的地区，按市政当局、森林合作社和…对于更多的物流承包商来说，我们可以知道通过政策或组织力量而不是通过个人来解决这个问题是重要的。作为一个典型的例子，D-Forestry Inc.在中部地区所有地区都有业务，对区域林业具有非常显著的活动和重要性。为使山区资源利用方式与环境保护的预期一致，有必要从山区落户政策和林业企业或载体的提振政策等方面加以推进。根据各种实地调查的结果，需要采取一些有效的措施来适应山区和欠发达地区。要发展山区，促进资源利用体系，增加森林功能，必须支持山区居民的自力更生，包括1)促进新来者的流入，2)林业劳动的新组织，3)稀木的新利用，4)支持同流域城镇居民获取森林。较少

1. In the mountainous areas, we can find many areas that are confronted with the natural declining of population in various patterns. This problem was caused from outflow of youth, aging and depopulation of community. Therefore, many regional societies are faced to the critical phase of collapse, and become not to maintain and manage the regional resources - forest, farm and water -, as a results of the decline of agricultural and forestry production.2. Specially in the mountainous and depopulated areas, forest production activities are very declined in nursery thinning operations. Therefore, the forest functions of environmental conservation, that was maintained by the production operations, becomes not to harmonize with expected forestry functions. Unlike the natural forest, the artificial forest, in the case of to be left behind, would have negative effects on the regional environment.3. In the areas where have relatively active forestry by municipalities, forest cooperatives and fo … More restry contractor, we can know it important to grapple with this problem by means of policy or by the organized power not but individually. As a typical example, D-Forestry Inc. which runs business in the all areas of Chugoku district has very remarkable activity and importance for regional forestry.4. For the expective accordance between the way to utilize resources in mountainous areas and conservation of environment, it is necessary to promote measures which include settlement policy in the areas and raising policy of forestry enterprises or carriers. By the results of various field investigations, they require some kind of effective measures adapting to the mountainous and less-favored area.5. To developpe the areas, to promote the resource utilization system and to increase the functions of forest, it is important to support people's self-effort who live in the mountainous areas, include 1) promotion for the inflow of new comer, 2) new organization of the forestry labor, 3) new utilization of the thinned timber and 4) support for the acquisition of forest by city inhabitant in same basin. Less