A Positive Study on the Management System of Mountainous and Semi-Mountainous Rural Area and the Use of Regional Resources

山区半山区农村管理体制与区域资源利用实证研究

• 批准号: 05401022
• 负责人: KITAGAWA Izumi
• 金额: $ 6.4万
• 依托单位: Shimane University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (A)
• 财政年份: 1993
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1993 至 1994
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-05401022/
• 关键词: Semi-Mountaionous Rural Area; Carrier of Agriculture and Forestry Production; Reginal Industry Promotion; Environmental Conservation; Resource Use; Life Conditions; Spontaneous Development; Exchange of Urban and Rural People; 資源管理; 農林業経営; 都市・農村の

In these joint study, we set three significant points of view to maintain rural area at present ; "Production", "Life" and "Environment". In our survey, in which fields were mainly Semi-Mountainous Rural Area (Chu-sankan-chiiki) in the Chugoku district, we have pointed and discussed some problems and tried to offer new policies for such depopulated rural areas. The summary is as follows :(1) Changes of the Carriers of Agriculture and Forestry Production : The Individual management of agriculture and forestry production as it used to be, have become difficult to maintain. Instead of such management styles, corporation or public-organization style became important and are newly required. Agricultural cooperative (JA) or the Third Sector (joint corporation by private enterprises and public organizations) are the most likely systems to carry out new age agriculture and forestry production. And remarkably, the individual managements who have the new sense of style in managing are operating … More very actively.(2) New Use of Regional Resources and Spontaneous Development : From the reconsideration of the large scale development by external capitals, they consider the importance of the modern use of regional resources, which include those not used in present systems, and their spontaneous development in most rural areas. In fact, the groups in various levels are acting steadly in cooporation with the city consumers and city residents through the use of organic agricultural products or traditional commodities like charcoal and other wooden products.(3) Relations of Production-Community Activity and Maintainance of Natural Environment : It will be recognized that not only agriculture and forestry production but also the daily maintainance activities for community systems or their life have big role in maintaining the natural environment, harmonized landscape and native traditional culture in the rural area. That is recognized not only by the people in the rural area but also city residents through the water basin cooporation, specialy water resource cultivation or land protection functions.(4) Necessity of the Comprehensive Policies : Production and life in rural areas are no longer composed of agriculture and forestry. In present times, their industry systems and income structures became very comprehensive. As their needs for life conditions (infrastructure, transpotation, health and medical welfare, etc.) become one step higher, the comprehensive policies are required, even more than in urban areas. In the government side, it is necessary to place the Semi-Mountaionous Rural Area (Chu-sankan-chiiki) exactly in the national lands' grand plan and to be obvious the various roles of agriculture and forestry. Less

在这些共同研究中，我们提出了三个重要的观点，以维护农村目前：“生产”，“生活”和“环境”。本调查以中国地区的半山地农村地区（Chu-sankan-chiiki）为对象，指出并讨论了一些问题，并试图为人口减少的农村地区提供新的政策。（1）农林生产载体的变化：农林生产的个体经营已难以维持。公司或公共组织的管理风格取代了这种管理风格，变得重要起来，并成为新的要求。农业合作社或第三部门（私营企业和公共组织的联合公司）是最有可能实现新时代农林生产的制度。值得注意的是，具有新的管理风格的个人管理正在运作， ...更多信息 非常积极。(2)区域资源的新利用与自发发展：他们从对外来资本大规模开发的反思出发，思考了区域资源的现代利用的重要性，包括那些在现有制度下没有被利用的资源，以及它们在大多数农村地区的自发发展。事实上，不同层次的群体正在通过使用有机农产品或传统商品如木炭和其他木制品与城市消费者和城市居民进行稳定的合作。(3)生产-社区活动与自然环境维护的关系：人们将认识到，不仅农业和林业生产，而且社区系统或其生活的日常维护活动在维护农村地区的自然环境，和谐景观和当地传统文化方面发挥着重要作用。无论是农村还是城市居民，都通过流域合作，特别是水资源培育或土地保护功能，认识到这一点。(4)综合政策的必要性：农村的生产和生活不再由农业和林业组成。在当代，他们的产业体系和收入结构变得非常全面。由于他们对生活条件的需要（基础设施、交通、健康和医疗福利等），再上一个台阶，需要综合性的政策，甚至比城市地区更需要。在政府方面，必须将半山地农村地区纳入国土规划，并明确农业和林业的各种作用。少

项目成果

Izumi KITAGAWA (ed.): "Forest-Foresrty and Semi-Mountainous Rural Area Problems". Nippon-Ringyo-Chosakai, 362- (1995)

北川泉（主编）：“森林林业和半山区农村地区问题”。

北川泉 他: "森林・林業と中山間地域問題" 日本林業調査会, 362 (1995)

北川泉等人：“森林/林业和丘陵山区问题”日本林业研究会，362（1995）

Izumi KITAGAWA (ed.): "Semi-Mountainous Rural Area Management". Ochanomizu-Shobo, 404- (1995)

北川泉（编辑）：“半山区农村地区管理”。