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Philosophical Studies on Human Life and Passions

关于人类生活和激情的哲学研究

基本信息

批准号：
05610012
负责人：
WATANABE Jiro
金额：
$ 1.15万
依托单位：
THE UNIVERSITY OF THE AIR
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1993
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1993 至 1995
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

This research aims to make an inquiry into an essence of man by throwing light upon the conflicts of passions which take place at the bottom of human life. As this task was to be carried out during three years, it was pursued in the first year from a viewpoint of philosophical history, in the second year from a viewpoint of natural sciences and in the third year from a viewpoint of systematic philosophical considerations. The results of this research can be put in order, roughly speaking, in three kinds of inquiries.The first inquiries were concerned with the problem of beauty and fine arts. In consequence of this research it became clear that the successful works of art come into existence only as such an establishment of truth of being by artists that the works radiate precisely for that reason beautiful and fascinate a beholder. The beautiful (kalon) is that which calls to (kalein) man, as Pseudo-Dionysios-Areopagita said.The seconde investigations treated the so-called mind-body problem, i.e.the mind-brain problem. As a result, this problem seemed to have to be considered in such a way that both mind and body affect each other reciprocally, as the theory of interactionism insisted. But this complicated problem needs to be dealt with in the future more deeply.The third research has an eye on a history of modern and contemporary German philosophy from Kant to Gadamer which has developed in regard to the study on essence of human existence. In this respect, especially Schelling's philosophy of art and Kant's important thoughts of perpetual peace were examined in detail. Above all the philosophy of history from Hegel to Jaspers was so completely investigated that the structure of historical understanding and action could be fully elucidated.

这项研究的目的是通过揭示发生在人类生活底层的激情冲突来探究人的本质。由于这项任务将在三年内完成，第一年从哲学史的角度进行，第二年从自然科学的角度进行，第三年从系统哲学考虑的角度进行。本研究的结果大致可分为三类查询。最初的调查是关于美和美术的问题。这项研究的结果表明，成功的艺术作品只有在艺术家建立了存在的真理之后才会存在，而这些作品正是因为这个原因而散发出美丽和迷人的光芒。正如伪酒神阿罗帕吉塔所说，美（kalon）是召唤（kalein）人的东西。第二次调查处理的是所谓的身心问题，即心脑问题。因此，这个问题似乎必须以这样一种方式来考虑，即精神和身体相互影响，正如互动主义理论所坚持的那样。但这个复杂的问题需要在未来更深入地处理。第三部分着眼于从康德到伽达默尔的现当代德国哲学史，这是在对人类存在本质研究方面发展起来的。在这方面，特别对谢林的艺术哲学和康德的永久和平的重要思想进行了详细的考察。最重要的是，从黑格尔到雅斯贝尔斯的历史哲学得到了如此彻底的研究，以至于历史理解和历史行为的结构得以充分阐明。