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Analysis of Thermal Environment in a Street Canyon Using Thermal Images

利用热图像分析街道峡谷的热环境

基本信息

批准号：
05650553
负责人：
HOYANO Akira
金额：
$ 1.47万
依托单位：
Tokyo Institute of Technology
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1993
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1993 至 1994
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Most studies directed at simulating an urban climate have been based on the consideration that an urban canopy layr can be assumed roughness, and therefore, obtaining a suitable heat balance for an urban canopy layr has been difficult. This problem led to my thesis, which is focused on investigating all urban surfaces using a new index that can evaluate an urban thermal environment during urban development planning. The effects of employing the index are verified using remote sensing and GIS data to investigate the actual conditions of all urban surfaces. In addition, a heat balance algorithm is developed which can simulate these surfaces such that urban thermal images can be constructed.1)A new index based on sensible heat flux, called "heat island potential(HIP)", was defined to express the thermal characteristics of each type of region contained in an urban area, i.c., spatial forms and materials. The optimum mesh scale required to set up an system of particles used to perform the heat balance simulation was found to be 1 m.2)A practical, computer-performance-based method was developed for predicting the surface temperature distributions of all urban surfaces. On the assumption that the surface temperature distributions of surroundings is equal to air temperature, the heat balance of each particle system was simulated. Based on results providing the temperature distribution of all urban surfaces, the long wave radiation from the surroundings was simulated such that the heat balance of each particle system could be simulated again, with this feedback system being optivized after two iterations. The effectiveness of the algorithm developed based on GIS data was verified by comparing calculated results with actual surface temperature distributions observed by remote sensing.

大多数针对城市气候模拟的研究都是基于这样的考虑，即城市冠层可以假定为粗糙度，因此，很难为城市冠层获得合适的热平衡。这个问题导致了我的论文，在城市发展规划中，使用一种新的指标来评价城市热环境，对所有的城市表面进行调查。利用遥感和地理信息系统数据对所有城市地表的实际情况进行了调查，验证了应用该指数的效果。此外，还开发了一种热平衡算法，可以模拟这些表面，从而可以构建城市热图像。1)定义了一个新的基于感热通量的指标，称为热岛势(HIP)，用于表示城市区域中包含的每一类区域、I.C.、空间形态和材料的热特征。建立用于进行热平衡模拟的粒子系统所需的最佳网格尺度为1M。2)发展了一种实用的、基于计算机性能的方法来预测所有城市表面的表面温度分布。在假定环境表面温度分布等于空气温度的前提下，模拟了各颗粒系统的热平衡。在给出所有城市表面温度分布的基础上，模拟了来自周围环境的长波辐射，从而可以重新模拟每个粒子系统的热平衡，并在两次迭代后对该反馈系统进行优化。通过将计算结果与遥感观测的实际地表温度分布进行比较，验证了基于地理信息系统数据的算法的有效性。