Economic and Social Analysis on the Owner-Farmer-Establishment Policy - significance of Small Holding in Agriculture -

自有农民经营政策的经济和社会分析 - 小农户在农业中的意义 -

• 批准号: 05660248
• 负责人: NODA Kimio
• 金额: $ 1.41万
• 依托单位: KYOTO UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1993
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1993 至 1995
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-05660248/
• 关键词: owner-farmer establishment project; small-holding; family farm; land-ownership; land-system; land-reform; tenant-former; tenant-dispute; 土地改革; 農地改革; 近代的土地所有; 農民的土地所有; 農地政策; 社会法

(1) There are many criticisms against small-holding in agriculture, but to make clear the significance, it's necessary to analyze the function of it under every historical stage. (2) The Owner-Farmer-Establishment Policies in Japan in different from those in Europe. The latter is a kind of the settlement policy, but the former is a mean to make tenant formers stable. This has formed the background of Japan's Land Reform. Under these situation, Japan's policy had effects to protect tenant formers as well as to reform the land lord system. (3) As for Kyoto Prefecture. The Owner-Former-Establishment Policy was mainly accepted in the areas where agricultural productivity level is middle, and staple crops such as rice and wheat were grown. In these areas the conditions to reform land lord system tended to be more satisfied than other areas both for land lord and tenant farmer. (4) After the World War II,land reforms were accepted in many countries, because it was necessary for such countries to deal with the social crises under collapse of the old regime. Also Japan's land reform has same character in thin regard, but in addition to this small former's situation was enforced.

(1)对农业小农的批评有很多，但要弄清其意义，有必要分析其在每个历史阶段的作用。(2)日本的业主-农民建制政策与欧洲不同。后者是一种安置政策，而前者是一种稳定租户的手段。这就形成了日本土地改革的背景。在这种情况下，日本的政策既起到了保护佃农的作用，又起到了改革地主制度的作用。(3)京都。在农业生产力水平中等、主要种植水稻、小麦等主粮作物的地区，主要实行原主建制。这些地区改革地主制度的条件往往比其他地区对地主和佃农都更满意。(4)第二次世界大战后，许多国家都接受了土地改革，因为这是这些国家应对旧政权崩溃所带来的社会危机的必要条件。日本的土改在细微方面也有相同的特点，但除了这一小前的情况被强制执行。

项目成果

野田 公夫: "統制下の産業" 加茂町史. 3. 277-295 (1994)

野田公夫：“控制下的工业”加茂镇历史。3. 277-295 (1994)

荒木 幹雄: "日本蚕糸業発達とその基盤-養蚕農家経営-" ミネルヴア書房, 402 (1996)

荒木干雄：《日本蚕桑业的发展及其基础——蚕桑农场管理——》《密涅瓦书房》，402（1996）

野田 公夫: "いわゆる「CV論」論争から何を学ぶか-日本農業史研究とポストモダニズム-" 荒木幹雄編『近代農史論争』所収. 16-26 (1996)

野田公雄：《从所谓“CV理论”争议中我们能学到什么？日本农业史与后现代主义研究》，收录于荒木干夫主编的《现代农业史争议》16-26（1996）。

野田 公夫: "農業経済学は産業化ビジョンをどう超えるか" 農業問題研究. 40. (1995)

野田公夫：“农业经济学如何超越工业化愿景？”40。（1995）