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CHARACTERISTICS OF HERBAGE GRASS ECOTYPES COLLECTED AT ALPINE REGIONS IN NORTH - EASTERN JAPAN AND IN SOUTHERN GERMANY.

日本东北部和德国南部高山地区采集的牧草生态型特征。

基本信息

批准号：
05660305
负责人：
SAIGA Suguru
金额：
$ 1.41万
依托单位：
IWATE UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1993
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1993 至 1995
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

To investigate genetic resources suitable for Kitakami highland, characteristics of herbage grass ecotypes collected at alpine regions in north-eastern Japan and in southern Germany were evaluated at an experiment field (970m a.s.1.) near Morioka from 1992 to 1995. Investigated characters were general agricultural characters, digestibility, morphological characters, mineral content, and mineral release rates from cross section of leaves.Materials were perennial ryegrass, orchardgrass, tall fescue and timothy. For perennial ryegrass, 13 Japanese ecotypes, 2 Japanese cultivars, 9 German ecotypes, and 3 German cultivars. For orchardgrass, 11 Japanese ecotypes, and one of each German ecotype and cultivar, six Japanese ecotypes for tall fescue and 8 German ecotypes for timothy were used for this study.For perennial ryegrass, German ecotypes were better in winter hardiness, earlier in heading date, and more in number of heads than the other groups. Japanese ecotypes were larger than German ecotypes, but characters related with digestibility were not differ. German ecotypes would be one of promising genetic resources suitable for Kitakami highland.Cross sections of leaves of three grass species were soaked in water for 5 minutes to 12 hours. Mineral release analyzed with Energy Dispersive X-ray analyzer. Release percentage was highest in K.It was medium in CI and Ca, Low in S,P and Mg, and lowest in Si. Varietal differences in the water-solubility of minerals were small.

为了调查适合北上高原的遗传资源，在试验田(970m a.s.1)对日本东北部高山地区和德国南部采集的牧草生态型的特征进行了评价。1992年至1995年在盛冈附近。调查了多年生黑麦草、鸭茅、高羊茅和Timothy的一般农艺性状、消化率、形态特征、矿物质含量和叶片横截面矿物质释放速率。多年生黑麦草，日本生态型13个，日本品种2个，德国生态型9个，德国品种3个。对11个日本生态型、1个德国生态型和1个德国品种、6个日本高羊茅生态型和8个德国Timothy生态型进行了研究。对于多年生黑麦草，德国生态型的抗寒性较好，抽穗期较早，抽穗数较多。日本生态型大于德国生态型，但与消化率相关的性状差异不大。德国生态型是一种很有前途的适合北上高原的遗传资源。3种禾本科牧草的叶片横切面在水中浸泡5分钟至12小时。用能量色散X射线分析仪分析矿物质释放。K的释放率最高，CI、Ca次之，S、P、Mg次之，Si最低。不同品种间矿物质的水溶性差异很小。