MECHANISM OF MINERAL UPTAKE, TRANSFORMATION IN PLANT.

开发了新设备，拓展了矿物质营养的研究领域。应用能量色散X射线微区分析（EDX）技术对鸭茅中镁元素含量进行了筛选。利用X射线吸收近边结构（XANES）谱研究了土壤中锰的氧化态。该菌在常温下能氧化土壤中的锰，引起全蚀病。该真菌能够在入侵植物之前诱导小麦中的普遍Mn缺乏。植物的营养可以被许多病害生物通过它们对吸收、转运和分配的影响而急剧改变。锰毒显著降低了铁从根向地上部的转运，引起根布朗宁，抑制铁的吸收。嗜酸菌对高浓度的铝离子具有耐受性。考虑到在酸性条件下单体铝占主导地位，嗜酸细菌的可能培养提供了一个有用的模式系统来探测植物铝毒。潜在的使用磷为基础的动物粪便的土地施用限制，增加了优化动物饲料磷管理的重要性。在日粮中添加HAP玉米或植酸酶可提高磷的吸收。为了减少潜在的硝酸盐污染的水资源，减少施氮量应用在一个分裂的应用程序和种植前氮率对产量和氮损失到地表水的影响进行了评估。定量估算了奶牛场氮、磷、钾的流量。营养流模拟模型将显示环境友好型奶牛场管理的未来方面。

New equipment were developed, and made expand research field of mineral nutrition. Energy dispersive X-ray microanalysis (EDX) was applied to screen Magnesium concentration of orchardgrass. X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy was used for probing Mn oxidation state in soil. The fungus caused the take-all diseases oxidized Mn in soils at ambient. The fungus is capable of inducing a generalized Mn deficiency in wheat prior to invading the plant. Nutrition of the plant can be drastically altered by many disease organisms through their effect on uptake, translocation, and distribution. The Mn toxicity significantly decreased the translocation of Fe from roots to shoots, caused root browning and inhibited Fe absorption. Acidophilic bacteria were tolerant to a high concentration of aluminum (Al) ion. Considering that monomeric Al is dominant under acid conditions, the possible cultivation of the acidophilic bacteria affords an useful model system to probe Al toxicity of plants. The potential use of P based land application limits for animal manure has increased the importance of optimizing animal feed P management. P uptake was increased using HAP corn or phytase in the diet. To reduce the potential for nitrate contamination of water resources, an evaluation of reduced N application rates applied in a split application and preplant N rates for impacts on yield and nitrogen loss to surface water was conducted. The flow of N, P and K in dairy farms was estimated quantitatively. A nutrient flow simulation model will show future aspects for environmentally friendly dairy farm management.