Mechanism of symbiosis between Neotyphodium endophyte and grass species

新型内生菌与禾本科植物的共生机制

• 批准号: 11460123
• 负责人: SAIGA Suguru
• 金额: $ 3.9万
• 依托单位: Iwate University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1999 至 2001
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-11460123/
• 关键词: Alkaloid; Endophyte; Fungicide; Perennial ryegrass; Plant collection; Solution culture; Symbiosis; Tall fescue; ペレニアルライグラス; エルゴバリン; ロリトレム; Ergovaline; Lolitrem; イネ科牧草; Ergovalin

This study was to clarify the mechanism of symbiotic relations between Neotyphodium endophytes and grass species through incidence of endophyte infected plants(E+) in Northern Japan, change of E+ plants frequency, effect of fungicides to E+ plants, and characteristics of E+ plants for compatibility and mineral uptake.The incidence of endophytes investigated for naturalized perennial ryegrass and tall fescue plants collected from northern Japan. Percentages of infected plants were 10% in perennial ryegrass and 15% in tall fescue. Average ergovaline concentrations in seeds were 1.86ppm and 6.27ppm in perennial ryegrass and tall fescue, respectively. Average lolitrem B concentration in perennial ryegrass was 1.41ppm. Concentrations of alkaloids differed markedly among the collected plants. Change of E+ plants frequency differed depending on sites, and the frequency rose greatly in turf developed at riverside, High temperature, dry condition, and sandy soil affected to the frequency of E+ … More plants. To create E-from E+ plants, kind of fungicides and the treatment conditions were tested. The fungicide benomyl was effective in killing endophyte in both perennial ryegrass and tall fescue. triforine was effective only in tall fescue, and thiophanate-methyl had little effect. These results indicate that interactions exist between these fungicides and Neotyphodium spp. The accuracy and reliability of immunoblot detection kit was examined. Results obtained by both methods were similar. Compatibility of E+ was tested with or without the companion crop, white clover. Difference between E+ and E-of perennial ryegrass was found under mixed planting with white clover. The effects of physico-chemical properties of Andisols on tall fescue ecotypes E+ and E-were compared. E+ plants showed vigorous growth and agronomic efficiency of water use than the non-infected plants grown in Black Andisol while opposite trend was observed in Red Andisol. Growth characteristics of endophyte-infected plants were investigated under low P nutrient solution culture condition. In both perennial ryegrass and tall fescue, E+ plants showed high grass height and larger secondary root system. Less

本研究旨在通过日本北部地区内生菌侵染植物（E+）的发生、E+植物频率的变化、杀菌剂对E+植物的影响以及E+植物的亲和性和矿物质吸收特性，阐明新伤寒内生菌与禾本科植物共生关系的机制。对日本北部归化的多年生黑麦草和高羊茅植物的内生菌发病率进行了调查。多年生黑麦草侵染率为10%，高羊茅侵染率为15%。多年生黑麦草和高羊茅种子中麦角麦氨酸的平均浓度分别为1.86ppm和6.27ppm。多年生黑麦草的平均脱氢酶B浓度为1.41ppm。不同植物的生物碱含量差异显著。不同立地E+植物出现频率的变化不同，河岸、高温、干燥和沙质土壤发育的草坪对E+植物出现频率影响较大。为从含E+植物中提取E-，对几种杀菌剂和处理条件进行了试验。杀菌剂苯甲酰对多年生黑麦草和高羊茅的内生菌均有较好的杀灭效果。三氟虫胺仅对高羊茅有效，甲基硫胺作用不大。结果表明，这些杀菌剂与新伤寒菌存在相互作用，并对免疫印迹检测试剂盒的准确性和可靠性进行了检验。两种方法的结果相似。试验了E+与伴生作物白三叶草的配伍性。多年生黑麦草与白三叶草混种的E+和E值存在差异。比较了安二醇对高羊茅E+和E生态型理化性状的影响。黑安地酚中E+植株生长旺盛，农艺用水效率高于未感染植株，而红安地酚中E+植株的农艺用水效率与黑安地酚相反。研究了内生菌侵染植物在低磷营养液培养条件下的生长特性。在多年生黑麦草和高羊茅中，E+植株均表现出较高的草高和较大的次生根系。少

项目成果

OHKUBO, H., K.SUGAWARA, T.TUKIBOSHI, T.SHIMANUKI, Y.MIKOSHIBA: "Detection method of endophytes by light microscopes using acidic Fuchsine."Bulletin Nat.Inst.Livestock Grassld Sci.. No.1. 113-114 (2003)

OHKUBO, H., K.SUGAWARA, T.TUKIBOSHI, T.SHIMANUKI, Y.MIKOSHIBA：“使用酸性品红通过光学显微镜检测内生菌的方法。”Bulletin Nat.Inst.Livestock Grassld Sci.. No.1。

SAIGA, S., T.INOUE, H.NAKASHIMA, A MAEJIMA, S.YOSHIDA, M.TSUIKI: "Incidence of Neotyphodium endophytes among naturalized perennial ryegrass and tall fescue plants in northern Japan and alkaloid concentration of the seeds from infected plants."Grassland. S

SAIGA, S., T.INOUE, H.NAKASHIMA, A Maejima, S.YOSHIDA, M.TSUIKI：“日本北部归化的多年生黑麦草和高羊茅植物中新型内生菌的发病率以及受感染植物种子中的生物碱浓度。

前嶋敦夫, 雑賀 優, 井上達志, 築城幹典: "ベレニアルライグラス流通品種における種子巾のエンドファイト感染率及びアルカロイド含有率"日本草地学会誌. 46・1. 52-57 (2000)

Atsuo Maejima、Yu Saiga、Tatsushi Inoue、Motonori Tsukijo：“Verenial 黑麦草种子宽度的内生菌感染率和生物碱含量率”日本草原协会杂志 46・1（2000）。

SAIGA, S., Y.KODAMA, H.TAKAHASHI, M.TSUIKI: "Endophyle removal by fungicides from ramets of perennial ryegrass and tall fescue."Grassland Science. 48. 35-40 (2003)

SAIGA, S., Y.KODAMA, H.TAKAHASHI, M.TSUIKI：“通过杀真菌剂从多年生黑麦草和高羊茅的分株中去除内菌。”草原科学。

菅原幸哉, 山下雅幸, 大久保博人, 御子柴義郎: "静岡県内の野生化したイタリアンライグラス集団で見出された糸状菌エンドファイト"日本植物病理学会報. 69. 40 (2003)

Yukiya Sukawara、Masayuki Yamashita、Hiroto Okubo、Yoshiro Mikoshiba：“静冈县野生意大利黑麦草种群中发现的丝状真菌内生菌”日本植物病理学会通报 69. 40 (2003)。