DEVELOPMENT OF SHELL USED IN PROBLEM-SOLVING-LEARNING AND EDUCATIONAL SIGNIFICANCE IN ITS USE

用于问题解决学习的Shell的发展及其使用的教育意义

• 批准号: 05680209
• 负责人: HASHIMOTO Takayuki
• 金额: $ 1.28万
• 依托单位: OSAKA KYOIKU UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1993
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1993 至 1994
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-05680209/
• 关键词: PROBLEM-SOLVING-LEARNING; SHELL; MULTIMEDIA

Problem-solving-learning is one of the important teaching methods. In the learning, the students' abilities such as the collecting, selecting, pigeonholing, processing and presenting information on the problem appropriately are required. The media used at the processing and presenting stage must be simple and convenient. However, there is no such media so that it is difficult to execute the learning.Personal computers capable of controlling such media as characters, graphic and video images are being used in the school system. It seems, therefore, effective and well-timed to introduce the computer actively at both stages.The authors developed such a computer software shell that could frame and present a courseware on the problem in a simple and easy way. The shell was, then, taken into the hands-on experience class, where the students repaired scrapped wheelchairs and had a short tour in the repaired chair. On route, students wrote down notes, took pictures and recorded on a videotape what they were aware of. The aim of the class was to deepen the students' understanding of how the disabled were placed.The students' consciousness and feelings on the class were investigated through factor analysis. It was found that their interests were focused on the aim itself rather than the handling of the shell, and that the shell playd a very important role in the problem-solving-learning.

问题解决学习是一种重要的教学方法。在学习过程中，要求学生具备对问题信息的收集、筛选、归类、加工和恰当呈现的能力。在处理和呈现阶段使用的媒介必须简单方便。但是，由于没有这样的媒体，因此难以进行学习，能够控制诸如字符、图形和视频图像等媒体的个人计算机正被用于学校系统。因此，在这两个阶段积极地引入计算机似乎是有效的和适时的。作者开发了这样一个计算机软件外壳，它可以以简单易行的方式构建和呈现关于该问题的课件。随后，贝壳被带到了动手体验课上，学生们修复了报废的轮椅，并在修复后的轮椅上进行了短暂的参观。在路上，学生们写下笔记，拍照，并在录像带上记录他们所知道的。本研究以增进学生对残障人士安置的了解为目的，运用因子分析法，探讨学生对残障人士安置的认知与感受。研究发现，他们的兴趣集中在目标本身而不是对外壳的处理上，并且外壳在解决问题的学习中发挥着非常重要的作用。