Synergistic Effects of Surface Reaction and Radiation Defects on Tritium Release Behavior from Solid Breeding Materisla of Fusion Reactor Blanket

(1)在控制D_2O或D_2分压的条件下，利用傅里叶变换红外光谱和漫反射光谱研究了Li_2O的表面羟基。在2748,2717,2660,2620,2540,2520,2490cm^&lt；-1&gt；上观察到了O-D伸缩振动的多个峰，表现出不同的温度和变温行为。多个峰意味着表面对D_2O的吸附不均匀。在扫气中加入D_2后，2540 cm~(-1)和2490 cm~(-1)的峰值强度增大。这表明表面受氧势的影响。建立了反应堆辐照控制气氛下高温发光和氚释放的In-SIRU观测系统。在77K的反应堆辐照、800K的离子辐照和77-300K的伽马射线辐照下也进行了原位发光研究，发现发光光谱由235 nm、305 nm、340 nm、375 nm、430 nm和510 nm的几个发射带组成，分别属于受氢氧化物基团影响的自陷激子(sigma和pi极化跃迁)、F^0、F^+、F_2和F_2中心。研究了温度、辐照物种和气氛对光催化活性的影响。并由此阐明了缺陷形成和发光的机理。缺陷的发光发射与氚的释放行为之间也存在相关性，表明表面反应与辐射缺陷之间存在协同作用。(3)建立了考虑表面反应和缺陷影响的氚释放模型。

(1) Hydroxyl groups on the surface of Li_2O were studied by using diffuse reflectance method with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy at high temperature up to 1073K under controlled D_2O or D_2 partial pressure. Multiple peaks due to stretching vibration of O-D were observed at 2748,2717,2660,2620,2540,2520,2490cm^<-1> showing different behavior with temperature and atrnosphere. Multiple peaks mean that surface is not homogeneous for D_2O adsorption. When D_2 was added to sweep gas, peak intensities of 2540cm^<-1> and 2490 cm^<-1> increased. This indicates that the surface is influenced by oxygen potential. Assignment of the observed peaks to the surface bonding structure was conducted.(2) In-siru observation system of luminescence and tritium release at high temperature under controlled atmosphere under reactor irradiation was constructed. In-situ luminescence studies were also conducted under reactor irradiation at 77K,ion irradiation up to 800K and gamma-ray irradiation at 77-300K.Luminescence spectra were found to be consisted of several emission bands at 235nm, 305nm, 340nm, 375nm, 430nm and 510nm, which were assigned to self-trapped exiton (sigma-and pi-polarized transitions.), F^0, F^+, F_2, and F_2 center affected by a hydroxide group, respectively. Effects of temperature, irradiation species and atmosphere were studied. Mechanism of defect formation and luminescence emission was elucidated from them. Correlation was also found between luminescence emission from the defects and tritium release behavior, indicating synerism between surface reaction and radiation defects.(3) From these results, tritium release model was constructed which includes surface reaction and the effect of defect.