The politics of reparation of victim organisations in transitional justice

过渡时期司法中受害者组织的赔偿政治

• 批准号: 433637747
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Thorsten Bonacker
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Zentrum für Konfliktforschung
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 资助国家: 德国
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/433637747?language=en
• 关键词: politics; reparation; victim; organisations; transitional

After the end of mass violence the question arises how to provide victims with reparations. Those material or symbolic reparations include compensations, rehabilitation as well as restitution. Although international research on transitional justice has focused on the role of victims and their institutional participation in recent years, only few studies have investigated the selectivity of reparation policies. This is remarkable, because, first, studies have outlined that victims only selectively receive compensations in transitional justice processes, although since the early 2000s an international norm on victim reparations has emerged. Second, it is well established that victims of gross human rights violations prioritize compensation. Thus, frustrations about the non-implementation of reparations might increase conflict potential in a transitional society. Yet there have been very few comparative and theorizing studies on the selective implementation of victim reparations in transitional justice. On that background the project is concerned with the politics of reparation of victim organizations, their aims and means. We focus on administrative reparations, decided by governments without ignoring that reparations ordered by the court might have an impact on the public debates about reparations. We want to test three approaches to explain the selectivity of reparation policies. Based on that, we develop hypotheses on causal mechanisms for positive reparation outcomes. The project compares politics of reparations in four cases each representing different violent pasts: Guatemala for an anti-regime war, Morocco for state repression, Northern Irland for an identity based conflict, and Timor Leste for a secessionist war. The aim of the project is to identity causal factors that are responsible for the compensation of victims of past political violence in order to contribute to frequently claimed theorization in transitional justice research.

大规模暴力结束后，问题出现了如何为受害者提供赔偿。这些物质或象征性的赔偿包括赔偿，康复和恢复原状。尽管国际过渡司法的研究集中在受害者的作用及其机构参与上，但只有很少的研究研究了赔偿政策的选择性。这是值得注意的，因为首先，研究概述了受害者仅在过渡司法程序中有选择地获得赔偿，尽管自2000年代初以来，出现了国际受害者赔偿规范。其次，众所周知，严重侵犯人权行为的受害者优先考虑赔偿。因此，对不实现赔偿的挫败感可能会增加过渡社会的冲突潜力。然而，关于在过渡司法中选择性实施受害者赔偿的比较和理论研究很少。在那个背景下，该项目涉及受害者组织赔偿的政治，其目标和手段。我们专注于由政府决定的行政赔偿，而没有忽略法院命令的赔偿可能会影响有关赔偿的公开辩论。我们想测试三种方法来解释赔偿策略的选择性。基于此，我们提出了有关阳性赔偿结果因果机制的假设。该项目比较了四种案件的赔偿政治，每种案件都代表了不同的暴力过去：危地马拉发生反政权战争，摩洛哥国家镇压，基于身份的冲突的北部irland和帝帝·莱斯特（Tomor Leste）进行剥离战争。该项目的目的是导致负责过去政治暴力受害者补偿的因果因素，以便为过渡司法研究中经常声称的理论做出贡献。