Disentangling the effects of tree-species and microclimate on multi-trophic diversity in dead-wood

森林是全球碳储量的主要来源，也是陆地生物多样性的重要栖息地。在所有营养级的所有森林居住分类群中，至少有四分之一直接或间接依赖于枯木。决定枯枝落叶层生物多样性的两个主要因素是小气候和寄主树种，它们对不同营养级的不同分类类群的重要性不同。然而，寄主树种和小气候的影响是随营养级的增加而沿着减弱还是增强，目前尚不清楚。拟议项目将测试a）小气候对物种多样性和网络多样性（即营养级之间的相互作用数量）的重要性是否随营养级的增加而降低，以及B）宿主树特性对物种多样性和网络多样性的重要性是否随营养级的增加而降低。因此，建立了两个独特的实验装置，可以解开树种和阳光照射的影响。在第一个实验中，108个日志的6个树种已暴露在封闭的树冠，开放的草地和人工遮荫（18个小区安排在6个小区）。第二个试验在三个日光和三个遮荫样地上对42个树种的枝束进行了暴露。下一代测序将用于鉴定微生物多样性以及微型节肢动物的多样性。所获得的数据将进行分析与尖端的网络多样性的方法的基础上希尔数解开的小气候和宿主树种的多样性的saperylicorganisms在多个营养级的影响。

Forests harbour major parts of global carbon stock and inhabit a significant amount of terrestrial biodiversity. A minimum of one quarter of all forest dwelling-taxa in all trophic levels depend directly or indirectly on deadwood. Two main factors that determine biodiversity in deadwood are microclimate and host tree species with varying importance to different taxonomic groups in different trophic levels. However, it remains unclear if the effect of host tree species and microclimate decrease or increase along with increase in trophic levels. The proposed project will test if a) the importance of microclimate on species diversity and network diversity (i.e. number of interactions between trophic levels) decrease with increasing trophic level, and if b) the importance of host tree properties on species diversity and network diversity decrease with increasing trophic level. Therefore, two unique experimental setups which allow to untangle the effects of tree species and sun exposure have been established. In the first experiment, 108 logs of six tree species have been exposed under closed canopies, on open meadows and under artificial shade (18 subplots arranged in six plots). Branch-bundles of 42 tree species were exposed on three sun-exposed and three shaded plots in the second experiment. Next generation sequencing will be used to identify microbial diversity as well as diversity of micro-arthropods. The obtained data will be analyzed with a cutting-edge network diversity approach based on Hill numbers to untangle the influence of microclimate and host tree species on diversity of saproxylic organisms in multiple trophic levels.