DNA transformation into rice protoplasts and the gene expression in the regenerated plants

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Whole plants of rice (Oryza sativa L.) were derived from protoplasts, which had been electroporated with plasmid DNA possessing a chimeric gene encoding aminoglycoside phosphotransferase II (APH(3')II, conferring resistance to kanamycin and G418) and the cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter. Effective conditions of electroporation were determined by monitoring transient expression of the GUS gene (Clontech Lab. Inc.). Transformed calli were selected on the basis of tolerance to the antibiotic, G418. Several regenerated plants possessed functional APH(3')II activity due to the integration of intact foreign DNA into their genome as confirmed by Southern blot analysis.